A modern approach to antibiotic therapy in cows with genital mycoplasmosis (review)

Abstract

One of the directions of the implementation of the country’s food security program is the development of animal husbandry, as one of the sources of providing the population with high-quality food. Achieving this goal is closely linked to reducing the incidence of animal diseases and the cost of their veterinary care, which ensures a reduction in the cost of final products. A significant obstacle on this path is a group of diseases characterized by nonspecific symptoms and long-term latent course, which include genital mycoplasmosis of cattle. The treatment of animals with mycoplasmosis is based on the use of antibiotics. The aim of the work was a retrospective analysis of changes in the sensitivity of mycoplasmas to the main groups of antibacterial drugs used for the treatment of animals, to identify the causes of the pathogen’s resistance to them, and to identify the most promising antibiotics for the treatment of animals with mycoplasmosis. In the course of studying foreign and russian literature sources, it was found that there was a significant decrease in the sensitivity of mycoplasmas to drugs that demonstrated high therapeutic efficacy 30—40 years ago, to a lesser extent there was a decrease in sensitivity to effective antibiotics 15—20 years ago. It has been established that a similar trend is observed in mycoplasma strains isolated in different countries and on different continents. The main reason for the increased resistance of mycoplasmas to antibiotics are point mutations. To date, the greatest resistance in most mycoplasma strains is observed to the following drugs: tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin, tylosin, tilmicosin, marbofloxacin, high sensitivity to chlortetracycline, azithromycin, tulatromycin, spiramycin, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin remains.