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賃金は1.20倍、物価は1.08倍、所得は1.85倍、地価は87.4倍 ── 地域差は、費目によって桁が違う [X002]

Sep 2026 · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Abstract

小規模事業者が置かれている条件を、最低賃金(令和8年度答申)・消費者物価地域差指数(2024年)・1人あたり課税対象所得(令和7年度)・商業地の地価(令和8年 地価公示)の4つで、47都道府県について並べた。 地域差の大きさが、費目によって桁で違う。上と下の比は、消費者物価 1.081倍、最低賃金(現行)1.198倍、1人あたり課税対象所得 1.85倍、商業地の地価 87.4倍である。地価だけが2桁ちがう。 最低賃金は全国加重平均で 1,121円 から 1,177円 へ(+5.0%)。現行は東京都1,226円・神奈川県1,225円に対して高知県・宮崎県・沖縄県が1,023円で、差203円・1.198倍、中央値1,051円。答申では1,280円対1,085円で1.180倍に縮まる。引き上げ率は佐賀県+6.3%(+65円)から東京都+4.4%(+54円)まで開き、現行の額と引き上げ率の相関は r = -0.889 で、低い県ほど大きく上げる方針が数字に出ている。 物価で割っても、差は1.198倍から1.165倍に縮まるだけである。消費者物価の地域差が1.081倍(東京都104.0・神奈川県103.3・北海道101.9 ⇔ 宮崎県97.0・鹿児島県96.4・群馬県96.2)しかなく、賃金の地域差より小さいためで、最低賃金と物価の相関は r = +0.521 にとどまる。最低賃金がもっとも強く結びついているのは所得で r = +0.906、次に人口(対数)+0.851、地価(対数)+0.754。高齢化率とは -0.742、人口1万人あたり事業所数とは -0.537 である。 物価で割ると順位が大きく動く県がある。北海道は名目13位から実質29位へ(-16)、宮城県 -13、山形県 -10。逆に鹿児島県は44位から24位へ(+20)、宮崎県 +16、佐賀県 +11。北海道の物価指数101.9は全国3位である。 釧路総合振興局管内の商業地の地価は、釧路市 35,140円/㎡、釧路郡釧路町 56,500円/㎡で、他の6町村には商業地の標準地そのものが無い。釧路市は東京都の加重平均 3,340,679円/㎡ の 1/95、北海道の加重平均 300,144円/㎡ の 1/8.5、全国の中央値 107,201円/㎡ の 1/3.05 にあたる。釧路町のほうが釧路市より高い。 この論文の位置づけ:新しい理論を主張するものではない。最低賃金・物価・所得・地価という4つの公的な数字を47都道府県について並べて比べただけである。地域差の大きさが費目によって桁で違うこと、物価で割っても賃金の差がほとんど埋まらないこと、北海道が名目13位から実質29位に下がることを示した。相関は示したが、原因と結果の向きは示していない。「物価で割った最低賃金」は本稿の計算で公式の指標ではない。4つの統計は時点がそろっておらず、最低賃金は実際に支払われている賃金ではなく下限である。仕入れ・光熱費・運賃は見ていない。 作成にあたって:本稿の着想と内容は、著者自身の考察に基づくものです。文章の構成整理や英訳、集計に用いたスクリプトの作成には AI(大規模言語モデル)の助力を得ました。最終的な内容の解釈や誤りがあれば、それらはすべて著者の責に帰します。お気づきの点があれば、ご教示いただければ幸いです。 ----- I placed four conditions faced by small businesses side by side for all 47 prefectures of Japan: the regional minimum wage (FY2026 recommendation), the consumer price regional difference index (2024), taxable income per taxpayer (FY2025) and commercial land prices (2026 Land Price Publication). The size of the regional gap differs by orders of magnitude depending on the item. Top-to-bottom ratios are 1.081 for consumer prices, 1.198 for the current minimum wage, 1.85 for taxable income per taxpayer and 87.4 for commercial land prices. Only land differs by two orders of magnitude. The minimum wage moves from a national population-weighted 1,121 yen to 1,177 yen (+5.0%). The current level runs from 1,226 yen in Tokyo and 1,225 in Kanagawa down to 1,023 in Kochi, Miyazaki and Okinawa: a spread of 203 yen, a ratio of 1.198, median 1,051. Under the recommendation it is 1,280 against 1,085, a ratio of 1.180. Rates of increase range from +6.3% (+65 yen) in Saga to +4.4% (+54 yen) in Tokyo, and the correlation between the current level and the rate of increase is r = -0.889: the lower the prefecture, the larger the raise. Dividing by prices narrows the gap only from 1.198 to 1.165. The regional gap in prices is 1.081 (Tokyo 104.0, Kanagawa 103.3, Hokkaido 101.9 against Miyazaki 97.0, Kagoshima 96.4, Gunma 96.2), smaller than the gap in wages, and the correlation between the minimum wage and prices is only r = +0.521. The minimum wage is most strongly tied to income, r = +0.906, then population in logs +0.851 and land prices in logs +0.754; it runs -0.742 against the ageing rate and -0.537 against establishments per 10,000 population. Some prefectures move sharply when divided by prices. Hokkaido falls from 13th nominal to 29th real (-16), Miyagi -13, Yamagata -10; Kagoshima rises from 44th to 24th (+20), Miyazaki +16, Saga +11. Hokkaido's price index of 101.9 is the third highest in Japan. In the Kushiro Subprefecture, commercial land averages 35,140 yen/m2 in Kushiro City and 56,500 in Kushiro Town; the other six municipalities have no commercial standard site at all. Kushiro City is 1/95 of Tokyo's weighted average of 3,340,679 yen/m2, 1/8.5 of Hokkaido's 300,144 and 1/3.05 of the national median of 107,201. Kushiro Town is higher than Kushiro City. Scope of this paper: no new theory is claimed. Four official statistics are placed side by side for the 47 prefectures and compared. It shows that the size of the regional gap differs by orders of magnitude across items, that dividing by prices closes almost none of the wage gap, and that Hokkaido falls from 13th nominal to 29th real. Correlations are reported; the direction of causation is not. "Minimum wage divided by prices" is my own calculation, not an official indicator. The four statistics are not aligned in time, and the minimum wage is a floor rather than the wage actually paid. Inputs, utilities and freight are not examined. Acknowledgement: The ideas and content of this paper stem from the author's own considerations. Assistance from an AI (a large language model) was used for structuring, English translation, and writing the scripts used for the tabulation. Any remaining errors or misinterpretations are solely the author's. Feedback and corrections are sincerely appreciated.

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