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クリーニング所の7割は、洗っていない ── 67,551施設のうち48,172が取次所 [I008]

Sep 2026 · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Abstract

クリーニングの数を、衛生行政報告例(令和6年度末、厚生労働省【生活衛生】第11表)で数え、人口・経済センサスと突き合わせた。 クリーニング所 67,551 施設のうち、48,172(71.3%)は「取次所」である。取次所は洗濯物を預かって別の施設へ回す店で、自分では洗わない。実際に洗う施設は 19,379(28.7%)しかない。この区分は他の業種の統計にほとんど無く、クリーニング業法がクリーニング師の設置を洗濯をする施設にだけ求めているために分かれている。 従事クリーニング師は 32,525 人。全施設で割ると1施設あたり0.48人と1人を切るが、洗う施設だけで割れば 1.68 人になる。これは I004 で見た理容所1.80人・美容所2.12人とほぼ同じ水準で、洗う場所は理容室や美容室と同じくらい小さい。 経済センサスの洗濯業(781)は 42,842 事業所。クリーニング所 67,551 は1.58倍、洗う施設 19,379 は0.45倍にあたり、「クリーニング屋が何軒あるか」の答えは0.45倍から1.58倍のあいだで動く。ただし781にはリネンサプライ・貸おしぼりも含まれるため、この比較は粗い。 クリーニング師免許の交付は年に790件で、いまいるクリーニング師の2.43%。無店舗取次店(宅配など)は2,304で、クリーニング所の3.4%にとどまる。 取次所の割合は栃木県55.7%から沖縄県86.5%まで開き、すべての県で半分を超える。人口10万人あたりのクリーニング所は愛媛県106.5から神奈川県35.2まで3.02倍の開きがあり、店が多い県ほど、その多くは取次所である(r = +0.487)。一方、人口の大きさと取次所の割合はほとんど関係が無い(r = +0.055)。 北海道はクリーニング所2,429(取次所73.6%、洗う施設642)、クリーニング師1,305人で洗う施設あたり2.03人。釧路総合振興局管内は経済センサスの781のみ示し、鶴居村は0である(I007 では薬を買う店も0だった)。 この論文の位置づけ:新しい理論を主張するものではない。同じ「クリーニング所」の中に、洗う施設と預かるだけの取次所があり、その割合を数えたものである。I004(理容・美容)・I005(飲食)・I007(薬局)と同じく、「その商売の店とは何か」を公的統計の区分から読んだ。衛生行政報告例には市区町村別が無い。経済センサスの781はリネンサプライ等を含むため、突き合わせは参考にとどめた。どちらの統計が正しいかは判定しない。 作成にあたって:本稿の着想と内容は、著者自身の考察に基づくものです。文章の構成整理や英訳、集計に用いたスクリプトの作成には AI(大規模言語モデル)の助力を得ました。最終的な内容の解釈や誤りがあれば、それらはすべて著者の責に帰します。お気づきの点があれば、ご教示いただければ幸いです。 ----- I counted dry-cleaning premises in the Report on Public Health Administration (end of FY2024, MHLW, Environmental Health Table 11) and read them against population and the Economic Census. Of 67,551 registered cleaning premises, 48,172 (71.3%) are drop-off shops — premises that take in laundry and pass it to another site, washing nothing themselves. Only 19,379 (28.7%) actually wash. This distinction barely exists in other trades' statistics; it arises because the Cleaning Business Act requires a licensed technician only at premises that wash. There are 32,525 employed cleaning technicians. Divided across all premises that is 0.48 per premises, below one; divided across the washing premises alone it is 1.68 — close to the 1.80 of barbershops and 2.12 of beauty salons in I004. The place where the washing happens is about as small as a barbershop. Economic Census subcategory 781 (laundry services) counts 42,842 establishments. The 67,551 cleaning premises are 1.58 times that figure and the 19,379 washing premises 0.45 times, so the answer to "how many cleaners are there" moves between 0.45 and 1.58. Subcategory 781 also includes linen supply and towel rental, so the comparison is coarse. 790 technician licences were granted during the year, 2.43% of those currently employed. Premises-free agents (home delivery and similar) number 2,304, just 3.4% of cleaning premises. The drop-off share runs from 55.7% in Tochigi to 86.5% in Okinawa, exceeding half in every prefecture. Cleaning premises per 100,000 residents run from 106.5 in Ehime to 35.2 in Kanagawa, a 3.02-fold spread, and the more premises a prefecture has per head, the greater the share that are drop-off shops (r = +0.487). Population size, by contrast, has almost no relationship with that share (r = +0.055). Hokkaido has 2,429 cleaning premises (73.6% drop-off; 642 that wash) and 1,305 technicians, 2.03 per washing premises. For the Kushiro Subprefecture only Economic Census subcategory 781 is shown; Tsurui has none, as it had no place to buy medicine in I007. Scope of this paper: no new theory is claimed. It counts, within the single category "cleaning premises," how many wash and how many only take laundry in. Like I004 (barbershops and beauty salons), I005 (eating places) and I007 (pharmacies), it reads what a shop in a trade actually is from the categories of official statistics. The Report has no municipal breakdown. Subcategory 781 includes linen supply and similar services, so the comparison with it is kept to a reference. It does not judge which statistic is correct. Acknowledgement: The ideas and content of this paper stem from the author's own considerations. Assistance from an AI (a large language model) was used for structuring, English translation, and writing the scripts used for the tabulation. Any remaining errors or misinterpretations are solely the author's. Feedback and corrections are sincerely appreciated.

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