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small language model

3,243 papers

#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Identifying GDPR-Critical Tasks in Business Process Descriptions

Large language models are used to create a new synthetic data set of business process descriptions that supports regulatory compliance decisions by identifying affected tasks, thereby facilitating the targeted implementation of compliance measures.

Leonard Nake, Stephan Kuehnel, René Theuerkauf et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The "Depth" of Depth of Field Is a Convention, Not a Measurement ── With the same 50 mm lens at the same f/2.8, the hyperfocal distance is 29.8119 m and also 207.6912 m ── What changed is not the equipment but the circle of confusion, which is an agreement ── One set of equipment holds four answers ── [Paper 358]

Depth of field is printed in tables and looks like a property of the lens. This paper asks where that number comes from──the answer is that it comes not from the equipment but from an agreement about when blur becomes visible. No new mathematical theorem and no new law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No n...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

RubricAdapt-LLM: Measuring Criterion-Level Adaptation and Score Shifts Under Alternative Grading Rubrics

Background: Large language models are increasingly used for rubric-based grading, but it remains unclear whether they adapt selectively when criterion weights change while the response, criterion definitions, and total score remain fixed. This study examined whether alternative point allocations produce targeted criter...

Cătălin Anghel, A. Anghel, Adina Cocu et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

A Replicable Low-Code CRM Reference Architecture for Small Higher-Education Administrative Units

Small administrative units in higher education—continuing-education offices, language and culture centers, advising and tutoring services, and similar back-office functions—are routinely expected to deliver responsive, data-informed service with the budgets and staffing of a support desk. Enterprise customer relationsh...

Kazi Niaz Ahmed · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

AI Contexts That Never Forget - How to give an artificial intelligence a world it keeps

A frontier model writes working code and solves competition mathematics. Ask the same model to reconcile three hundred invoices and it loses track of which ones it already processed. A spreadsheet has done that task perfectly since 1985. This article locates the difference, measures it, and names the one operation that...

Gonçalo Melo de Magalhães · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Adding Noise Can Improve Detection ── But "More Is Better" Is Not the Rule ── Zero noise gives detection rate 0, sigma=0.50 gives correlation 0.687458, sigma=4 gives 0.127152 ── The optimum is not at either end but in the middle ── [Paper 353]

One is taught that noise is to be reduced. This paper asks whether reducing it always improves matters──the answer is that in a system with a threshold it does not. No new mathematical theorem and no new law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No new mathematical theorem and no new law is claimed──stochastic...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

The "Depth" of Depth of Field Is a Convention, Not a Measurement ── With the same 50 mm lens at the same f/2.8, the hyperfocal distance is 29.8119 m and also 207.6912 m ── What changed is not the equipment but the circle of confusion, which is an agreement ── One set of equipment holds four answers ── [Paper 358]

Depth of field is printed in tables and looks like a property of the lens. This paper asks where that number comes from──the answer is that it comes not from the equipment but from an agreement about when blur becomes visible. No new mathematical theorem and no new law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No n...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Pilot comparison of nine large language models generating radiological reports from dental panoramic radiograph pathology notation

Abstract Large language models (LLMs) may help convert structured pathology notations derived from dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) into radiological reports, but comparative data remain limited. This pilot head-to-head study evaluated nine publicly available LLMs across five domains: correct tooth numbering, correc...

Kamila Chęcińska, Maciej Chęciński, Natalia Turosz et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Two Algebraically Equal Forms Return Answers Differing by 15 Digits ── The smaller root of a quadratic comes out with 0.59 correct digits from the naive form and 16 from the rationalised one ── The cause is that sqrt(b^2-4c) agrees with b to 15.83 digits ── Subtract two near-equals and exactly the agreeing digits vanish ── [Paper 368]

It is tempting to think that mathematically identical formulae return identical answers. This paper asks whether that holds in finite precision──the answer is that it does not, and the gap reaches 15 digits. No new mathematical theorem and no new law is claimed. Scope of this paper (scope note): No new mathematical the...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

ShalDeepDP: A Survey and Comparison of Data Poisoning in Statistical, Classical Deep Learning and Foundation Models

Advances in real-world adversarial threats have heightened concerns over the privacy and security of AI systems. One key threat is Data Poisoning, where malicious data is injected into training sets or model inputs to compromise model behavior. While much of the current research focuses on deep learning, particularly F...

Jia Yi Chan, Huaqun Guo, Timothy Liu et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

AI Contexts That Never Forget - How to give an artificial intelligence a world it keeps

A frontier model writes working code and solves competition mathematics. Ask the same model to reconcile three hundred invoices and it loses track of which ones it already processed. A spreadsheet has done that task perfectly since 1985. This article locates the difference, measures it, and names the one operation that...

Gonçalo Melo de Magalhães · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

RSEs as trainers – the who, why and how of providing digital research skills training

RSEs often provide training for researchers and dRTPs at their local institution in the digital research skills used in their own work. These courses cover a diverse range of topics, from beginners' language courses, to software architecture and efficiency, to specialised tools and platforms like HPC, AI and domain-spe...

Sarah Jaffa, Samantha Jane Ahern, Dimitrios Theodorakis et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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