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robotics

1,156 papers

#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

GT-VLA: Target-Conditioned Trace Guidance for Generalizable Robotic Manipulation

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong performance on robotic manipulation, but they often struggle to generalize to unseen tasks, configurations, and long-horizon settings. A key challenge is that VLAs overfit to training scenes and fail to follow novel language instructions. Off-the-shelf vision-langua...

Ning-Han Zhong, Jing-Chen Peng, Sriram Vishwanath · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Calibration-Free Surface Normals Estimation in Vision-Based Tactile Sensing using Universal Photometric Stereo

This work proposes a calibration-free procedure for the estimation of contact surface normals using Universal Photometric Stereo neural networks, and demonstrates that with sufficient illumination settings surface normals could be estimated using a model trained solely on synthetic data.

Zdravko Dugonjic, Stefanie Speidel, Roberto Calandra · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Manifold-Stable Flow Matching

This work introduces manifold-stable flow matching (MSFM), which can start from an arbitrary ambient prior, not necessarily supported on the manifold, and guarantees manifold invariance and transverse convergence to the manifold within a desired time window.

Amirhossein Nazerian, A. Pezeshki, Jian-Guo Zhao · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Adjoint Guidance Flow: Amortized Critic Guidance for VLA Policies

Adjoint Guidance Flow is proposed, which is a deterministic optimal control problem, whose optimal guidance is a costate that carries the terminal critic gradient back through the remaining flow, and regress the guidance network onto this costate while keeping both the VLA and critic frozen.

Jeongsol Kim, Youngjun Jun, Kyumin Choi et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Book Open access Nov 2022

Learning High-Risk High-Precision Motion Control

This work proposes and evaluates State-Conditioned Shooting (SCOOT), a novel DRL algorithm that builds on advantage-weighted regression (AWR) with three key modifications, and showcases the features’ performance in learning physically-based billiard shots demonstrating high action precision and discovering multiple sho...

N. H. Kim, Markus Kirjonen, Perttu Hämäläinen · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Emergence, Not Bandwidth: Physical Coupling and the Limits of Learned Multi-Agent Communication

Rate-limited multi-agent teams raise three questions the emergent-communication literature has answered only empirically: what an optimal message should encode, what compression costs over a horizon, and when a learned protocol is unique enough for a teammate to read, then measure how far reinforcement learning falls s...

Mihir Chauhan, Aniket Bera · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Safe Score Matching: Diffusion Policies with Hamilton-Jacobi Reachability for Online Safe Reinforcement Learning

Online safe reinforcement learning (RL) seeks policies that maximize reward while satisfying safety constraints. A popular line of research in safe RL relaxes safety to a soft expected-cost constraint and solves the resulting Constrained Markov Decision Process via primal-dual Lagrangian updates that only enforce safet...

Bo-Yang Li, Matthew Kim, Sylvia L. Herbert · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

When an Evaluation Rule Writes Training Labels: Measuring Human-Reference Forgiveness in NAVSIM

When the human reference scores zero on a metric, the released GTRS-Dense label generator for NAVSIM marks every candidate trajectory in the scene as passing it. NAVSIM's authors introduced this human-reference forgiveness to avoid penalizing contextually justified maneuvers when scoring one trajectory, and warned that...

Jiaxuan Guo, Jingxin Yang, Jiaqi Ye et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

When Does Backpropagating Through Policy Memory Matter? Physical Credit, Optimizer Updates, and Observability

Policies with memory can learn along two backward paths: through the physical states their actions produce and through the representations they store. Transformer-XL and truncated backpropagation through time cut the second path at stored history while keeping its values. We ask when this cut matters. Holding the forwa...

Xing-Jian Li, Jian-Hua Z. Huang, Jun-Li Duan · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

What Must a World Model Distinguish for Planning?

World models simulate the consequences of action candidates, but good planning need not preserve every physical distinction required for accurate prediction. We formalize this gap through a hierarchy of mechanism, response, and decision sufficiency. Given a candidate set, the planning query determines which physical va...

Rongzhe Wei, Hans Hao-Hsun Hsu, Peizhi Niu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Constrained Flow Policy Updates: A Generalized Schr\"odinger Bridge View

This work builds on the density-free kinetic-energy regularizer of FLAC, a recent reward-only method, and proposes Reparameterized Augmented-Lagrangian Flow Actor with Least Energy (RAFALE), an off-policy actor-critic method for safe RL.

Bo-Yan Li, Matthew Kim, Sylvia L. Herbert · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

SAMBAR: Selective Anchoring via Method of Multipliers for Balanced Knowledge Acquisition and Retention in Vision-Language-Action Models

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models leverage large-scale pretraining to ultimately achieve generalist manipulation. Deployed VLA policies must support continual learning to acquire new tasks over time. Teaching a VLA a new task generally requires finetuning it on demonstrations of that task. However, naively finetuning...

Aayushi Shrivastava, Xunlan Zhou, Hong-Ru Zhao et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Sep 23, 2026

Offloaded inference for real-world physical AI robotics

Robots are getting smarter, but how can their hardware match that growth? New Microsoft Research findings show that moving AI inference beyond the robot can improve task success, boost efficiency, and support more advanced physical AI workloads. The post Offloaded inference for real-world physical AI robotics appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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