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17,191 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Fed-BRDECS: Privacy-Preserving and Heterogeneity-Aware Federated Deep Embedded Clustering

Federated deep clustering seeks to learn clustering-friendly representations from decentralized unlabeled data while preserving client privacy. However, Deep Embedded Clustering (DEC)-style objectives depend on global soft-assignment statistics that require clients to reveal their sensitive information. We propose Fed-...

Haemin Park, Diego Klabjan, Martin W. Braun et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Inference and learning in sparse autoencoders as natural gradient flow

Sparse autoencoders are widely used to uncover interpretable features in neural networks, yet reliable recovery remains difficult when features overlap or activate infrequently. These challenges involve both inferring which features explain an input and learning the dictionary that represents them. Here, we unify infer...

Hadi Vafaii, Tejas Rao, David Chanin et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Multigroup Fairness and Omniprediction: Separations and Equivalences

Omniprediction is a learning guarantee which requires a single predictor to be competitive relative to the best hypothesis from a benchmark class for any loss chosen from a family of loss functions. Loss Outcome Indistinguishability (loss OI for short) is a stronger notion that implies omniprediction. It requires the p...

S\'ilvia Casacuberta, Parikshit Gopalan, Varun Kanade et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Dynamic Budget Allocation for LLM Evaluation under Hard Resource Constraints

We evaluate large language models (LLMs) in multi-turn interactions through their time-to-event: the number of interaction steps required to produce an event of interest, such as a successful jailbreak or agentic task completion. Under limited compute, interactions may be terminated before the event occurs, so that eve...

Shai Feldman, Yaniv Romano · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Towards Explainable Benchmarking for Data-driven Post-Wildfire Debris Flow Prediction

Post-wildfire debris flows (PFDFs) are destructive sediment-laden hazards triggered when intense rainfall strikes recently burned terrain, destabilizing hillslopes and threatening infrastructure, local economies, and community safety. Data-driven methods have been proposed to learn predictive patterns directly from his...

Zhi-Sheng Qi, Li Zhu, Utkarsh Sahu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

RELACE: retrospective likelihood-based action credit estimation for long-horizon language agents

This work introduces RELACE, Retrospective Likelihood-based Action, a critic-free framework that integrates retrospective action assessment with state-conditioned advantage estimation, and uses this factor to reweight discounted task returns and construct local advantages by comparing weighted returns among actions fro...

Sayak Chakrabarti, Sathish Indurthi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Stepped MoE: Segment-Level Routing with Configurable Inference Complexity

Training large language models (LLMs) is resource-intensive, and adapting them for diverse deployment scenarios with varying computational constraints remains challenging. While elastic architectures enable flexible model deployment and sparsely activated models allow input-adaptive computation, existing approaches tre...

Arnav Kundu, Zhao-Yang Xu, Bai-Ru Hou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CausalBind: Causal Modeling and Learning for Protein-Molecule Virtual Screening

Protein-molecule virtual screening is increasingly cast as a problem of representation learning in a shared embedding space. Existing methods rely on dense holistic alignment, entangling invariant binding determinants with nuisance correlations and limiting transfer to new targets. It has been noted that binding in pro...

Lo-Ka Li, Jing-Jing Tian, Kun Zhang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Selective Critique for Cost-Aware LLM Agents in Long-Horizon Decision Making

Improving the reliability of large language model (LLM) agents in long-horizon decision-making remains a key challenge. When deployed as autonomous agents interacting with complex environments, early mistakes can propagate through trajectories and cause cascading failures. Recent approaches improve reliability by incor...

Heewon Park, Somin Im, Minhae Kwon · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Weight Oracles: Reading Neural Network Weights with Language Models

Interpretability methods for neural networks are predominantly reactive: they analyse activations produced during specific forward passes, requiring known inputs to find hidden capabilities such as backdoors. We propose Weight Oracles, fine-tuned language models that diagnose properties of a target network by reading i...

Krish Kabra, Constantin Venhoff, Christian Schroeder de Witt · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Structuring MoE Expert Selection for Agentic Reinforcement Learning

Long-horizon LLM agents are frequently implemented using sparse mixture-of-experts (MoE) models, yet the co-design of agentic behavior and MoE structures remains underexplored. In this work, we comprehensively study the connections between agentic post-training and MoE expert selection. In off-the-shelf MoE models, we...

Bo-Lian Li, Ting-Yao Hu, Cheng-Yu Hsieh et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Scale-Invariant Training for Time Series Foundation Models

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) are trained on large collections of time series datasets that span various morphologies and domains. This setting exposes models to series whose scales -- typical magnitudes of their values -- can differ substantially. Affine scaling methods such as Reversible Instance Normalizatio...

Ignacy Stepka, Willa Potosnak, Kin G. Olivares et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

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