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17,191 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Reinforcement Learning with Segment Reward Feedback under Linear Function Approximation

Classical reinforcement learning (RL) assumes that a reward is observed for every visited state-action pair. However, in real-world applications such as autonomous driving, such fine-grained feedback can be costly or difficult to collect, whereas trajectory-level feedback may be too sparse for efficient learning. To pr...

Fengxu Liu, Siwei Wang, Gal Dalal et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Finding the Heads and the Neurons Responsible for Network Information Retrieval in Language Models

We ask whether specific attention heads, and more finely specific neurons inside those heads, are responsible for recognizing that a language model's context contains network infrastructure information (a hostname paired with its IP address), and whether that responsibility can be validated causally rather than by corr...

M. Kadir, Md. Mohashin Hossain, Daniel Sonntag University of Oldenburg et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

On the Intrinsic Limited Robustness of Latent-Based Watermarking

Existing latent-based watermarking methods for diffusion models have overestimated their robustness to image distortions, including geometric transformations such as rotation, scaling, and translation (RST). Moreover, this paradigm of watermarking approaches may suffer from inherent limitations arising from the domain...

Cheng-Han Yeh, Kuan-Chun Yu, Cheng-Chang Tsai et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Align, Then Correct: Training-Free Two-Stage Low-Rank Compensation for Extremely Quantized Large Language Models

Low-rank quantization error compensation (LQEC) recovers the accuracy lost under aggressive weight quantization by attaching a closed-form rank-$r$ adapter beside each frozen quantized weight, without any training. We show that existing compensators are limited by two shared simplifications. They calibrate symmetricall...

Seobin Song, Geonho Lee, Janghwan Lee et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Symphony for Text Generation: Benchmarking Clinical Note Generation

Ambient documentation systems are rapidly gaining adoption, yet their impact on clinical note quality remains poorly characterized. We introduce MedConv, a multilingual dataset of 300 clinical encounters in English, Danish, and German, and use it alongside the Ambient Clinical Intelligence benchmark (ACI-BENCH) to comp...

Daniel Varab, Victor Petr\'en Bach Hansen, Asbj{\o}rn W. Helge et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Mu-DisCoCat: A Variational Pipeline for Compositional Generalization on Quantum Processors

Achieving compositional concept generalization (CoCoGen), the ability to understand novel situations by recombining learned primitives, remains a fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence. Compositional semantic models such as Compositional Distributional Semantics (DisCoCat) offer solutions by generalising vect...

Mina Abbaszadeh, M. K. Moore, Raem Haq et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Do LLMs Act on What They Know? From Partner Representations to Cooperative Actions

Cooperation with unfamiliar partners requires adapting to communication conventions that are not known in advance. We study this problem in a controlled Hanabi-derived environment with scripted hint generation, LLM-controlled receiving decisions, and frozen model weights. Across eight LLMs, linear probes recover intent...

Yuhwan Jeong, Jinnyeong Yang, Kuk-Jin Yoon · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Attenuated in-context identification in time-series foundation models: diagnosis under counterfactual inputs and repair by synthetic forced-system fine-tuning

Covariate-aware time-series foundation models (TSFMs) promise training-free what-if answers for instrumented plants: the change in output that a different future input would cause. We test this on forced engineering systems with exact counterfactuals, comparing Chronos-2, TimesFM-2.5 and TabPFN-TS with classical system...

Hong-In Won · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Enhancing Diffusion Language Models with Autoregressive Post-Training Weights

Diffusion language models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive (AR) language models, offering flexible token-update orders and parallel decoding. Recent dLLMs are often initialized from pretrained AR models before diffusion conversion in order to inherit their learned representations. After...

Yi-Ming Qin, Ke Wang, Amel Abdelraheem et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Optimization Encoders: Rethinking Second-Order Meta-Learning for Neural Fields

Conditional neural fields represent signals continuously, but their effectiveness depends on how the conditional latent representations are inferred from observed data. In meta-learning, this encoding occurs through gradient updates induced by the decoder, tying representation learning directly to decoder design. We fo...

R. L. M. van Herten, Soufiane Ben Haddou, Rachit Saluja et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Detecting a Shift Is Not Enough: Exact Minimax Limits of Linear Representation Repair

A mean shift between two data sources can be easy to detect but hard to remove without substantially changing their representations. We cast its removal as a statistical decision problem: from noisy differences between paired calibration measurements in $\mathbb{R}^d$, learn one linear map, applied to both sources unde...

Anuar Aimoldin, Yan-Kai Chen, Ayana Mussabayeva et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

A Riemannian Geometry for Low-rank Adaptation

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is widely used as a parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique for pre-trained deep neural networks, which approximates the weight update via full fine-tuning by a low-rank matrix $BA^\top$. This parameterization leads to the equivalence relation $(B, A) \sim (BG^{-1}, AG^\top)$ for any invert...

Shoichiro Takeda, Shin'ya Yamaguchi, Satoshi Suzuki et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 28, 2026

Making machines that can listen

Professor Paris Smaragdis develops computers with superhuman hearing for applications like speech recognition, music understanding, and environmental monitoring.

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