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machine learning

14,749 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Agents' Last Exam

Recent AI systems have achieved strong results on a wide range of benchmarks, yet these gains have not translated into economically meaningful deployment across many professional domains. We argue that this gap is largely an evaluation problem: widely used benchmarks lack sustained performance measurement on real and e...

Yiyou Sun, Xinyang Han, Weichen Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

UxSID: Semantic-Aware User Interests Modeling for Ultra-Long Sequence

Modeling ultra-long user sequences involves a difficult trade-off between efficiency and effectiveness. While current paradigms rely on either item-specific search or item-agnostic compression, we propose UxSID, a framework exploring a third path: semantic-group shared interest memory. By utilizing Semantic IDs (SIDs)...

Hongwei Zhang, Qiqiang Zhong, Junfeng Shu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FactoryBench: Evaluating Industrial Machine Understanding

We introduce FactoryBench, a benchmark for evaluating time-series models and LLMs on machine understanding over industrial robotic telemetry. Q&A pairs are organized along four causal levels (state, intervention, counterfactual, decision) instantiating Pearl's ladder of causation, and span five answer formats: four str...

Yanis Merzouki, Coral Izquierdo, Matei Ignuta-Ciuncanu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Hide and Seek: HIDE Concepts to SEEK explanations for black box models

Interpreting machine learning model predictions is a central challenge, particularly for black-box vision models. Concept-based attribution methods interpret models using human-understandable concepts. Existing concept-based methods can only interpret classification and regression models. They require access to model w...

Bhanu Tokas, Rahul Nair, Rockwell Jackson et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Revisiting Tabular Deep Regression: Objectives and the Limits of Global Early Stopping

While deep learning models for tabular data have recently received significant research attention, the choice of objective functions for regression tasks remains an understudied degree of freedom. Several lines of research offer alternatives to the standard Mean Squared Error (MSE), but differences in datasets, backbon...

Danil Rudenko, Georgii Bulgakov, Nikolay Kartashev et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FORTE: A Production Framework for Feature Evaluation and Deprecation in Industrial Recommender Systems

Production recommender systems have feature-lifecycle asymmetry: adding new features must produce gains on some metric, while feature removal must not regress any metric. In practice, feature deprecation is hard to prioritize as a feature can fail to be removed if it interacts with other features, its importance change...

Vishnu Arun, Adam Obeng, Tianyou Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Your Discrete Graph Diffusion Model is Secretly Memorizing

Discrete graph diffusion models (GDMs) corrupt the graph structure by adding noise independently to nodes and edges under a Markovian noise model. In the unconditional setting without node features, an equivariant denoiser trained on a single graph is able to generate novel graphs and sample-level metrics such as edge...

Adarsh Jamadandi, Nicolas Keriven · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ReplaySSM: Cache SSM Inputs, Not State

State-space models (SSMs) maintain a fixed-size recurrent state, but reading and writing it at every decoding step can bottleneck hybrid models. This eager state management causes large state I/O with low arithmetic intensity, leaves speculative decoding no cheap rollback, and feeds state quantization error into subseq...

Ze-Wei Liou, Harris Nover, Amey Naik et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DualQuant: Dual-scale Calibration-free Weight-and-Activation Quantization for LLMs

Low-bit inference on accelerators with native 4-bit support requires quantizing both weights and activations to realize the full throughput gains these formats provide. While post-training weight quantization has been extensively studied, activation quantization remains considerably more challenging and typically requi...

Mahsa Salmani, Sayeh Sharify, Hesham Mostafa · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When Edge Independence Fails: Joint Graph Diffusion with Latent Sociability Priors

Discrete graph diffusion models corrupt graph structure through independent edge updates with a Markovian noise model. Combined with the exchangeability requirement on the output distribution, the terminal prior is necessarily an Erd\H{o}s--R\'enyi (E-R) random graph. This has a fundamental consequence for unconditiona...

Adarsh Jamadandi, Nicolas Keriven, Aline Roumy · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Matched-Context Group Policy Optimization for LLM Agent Training

Training long-horizon language model agents requires assigning credit to intermediate decisions from sparse terminal feedback. Within a finite group of sibling rollouts, useful action comparisons depend on their context, evidence for both alternatives, and how that evidence enters learning. We propose Matched-Context G...

Chen-Xu Zhang, Yao-Rui Shi, Wen-Long Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SafeDiSTL: Decomposing Joint Constraints for Safe Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

Cooperative multi-agent tasks often impose constraints on a shared objective or collective safety. A team level violation cost function can measure this constraint outcome, but does not distinguish which agents' actions most strongly influence that violation. We present SafeDiSTL, a constrained multi-agent reinforcemen...

Hongrui Zheng, Aditya Singh, Rahul Mangharam · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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