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machine learning

14,746 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding Gene Expression-to-Image Learning: Spatial Structure and Information Fidelity

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables cell-level analysis of biological heterogeneity, but learning effective representations from high-dimensional, unordered gene expression profiles remains challenging. Gene Expression-to-Image (GE2I) offers an effective learning strategy by arranging gene values on pixel gr...

Xiaoqing Lian, Pei Liu, Jiahui Tan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MedEvo: Medical Reasoning Evolution through Knowledge Navigation

Medical multimodal reasoning models are typically trained on teacher-generated rationales, discarding the valid reasoning in students' own failed trajectories, while general-domain correction methods offer little guidance for errors in image reading, anatomical context, or differential diagnosis. We propose MedEvo, whi...

Xiaoliang Wang, Zhuo Chen, Chuanyang Zheng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

An FPGA-Based Spiking Neural Network for Spatiotemporal Pattern Learning and Classification

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are promising for energy-efficient spatiotemporal pattern recognition at the edge, but efficient deployment and on-device adaptation require specialized hardware. In this work, we present an FPGA implementation of multilayer SNNs for spatiotemporal pattern classification, in which both in...

Jin-Gang Jin, Yue Ma, Zhenhang Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When LLM Agents See a Conflict but Still Proceed: Cross-Domain Dependencies in Network Slicing

Future AI-native networks are being designed to apply autonomous agents built on large language models (LLMs) in network management through intents. When intents from different domains meet on the same resource, an agent must recognize the cross-domain dependency before taking an irreversible action. We investigate thi...

Marcos Lima Romero, Ricardo Suyama · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding Personalization Gains in Whisper

Whisper-style ASR models provide strong zero-shot transcription, but their residual errors are not evenly distributed across datasets, recording conditions, and metadata-based groups. We study when lightweight low-rank adaptation (LoRA) improves Whisper and whether observed gains require group-specific adapters. Across...

Sergei Katkov, Antonio Liotta · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

PRAISE: A Reproducible Workflow for Non-Programmer Scientists to Implement Published AI Models

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models are increasingly developed, published and used across scientific fields. Researchers, students and industry professionals who want to apply these models to their own research questions often lack the programming and data science expertise to do so. Existing guidelines cover single st...

Max Achterweust, Stefan Groot Nibbelink, Vincent J. de Beer et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neural Bayesian Networks for Modular and Scalable Decision-Making Under Uncertainty

Bayesian Networks (BNs) are established tools for letting agents reason under uncertainty in sequential decision-making. They split a joint distribution into local conditional mechanisms arranged on a directed acyclic graph, which makes them modular, interpretable, and ready to perform probabilistic inference. Their cl...

Giovanni Briglia, Marco Lippi, Stefano Mariani et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Separating Prompt Harmfulness from Interaction Safety via Partial Generation

LLM-based information systems need safety guardrails. Most guardrails classify the prompt alone. If the prompt looks harmful, the system rejects it before any answer is generated. This is costly. Many rejected prompts would have received a safe response. Users lose help they should have received from the information sy...

Ram Vikas Mishra, Shashank Aggarwal, Jahnavi Kumar et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AI Discovery in Combinatorics: From Problems to Solutions and Back to Bigger Problems

We introduce $qt$Bench, a benchmark of 29 open problems in algebraic combinatorics. These problems ask for a simple combinatorial algorithm that explains given polynomial coefficients or identities. To help AI agents search for such algorithms, we provide a scaffold for playing with combinatorial objects, countering ch...

Eugenio Cainelli, Lorenzo Luccioli, Alessandro Iraci et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

EAU: Environment-Agent-User Co-evolution for Training User-Centric Agents

Training LLM agents to interact with users over multiple turns is challenging because the learning signal depends not only on the agent, but also on the user simulator and environment, which jointly shape the agent's experience. Simulated users can be stochastic or inconsistent, while environments may contain unreliabl...

Min Cai, Dan Zhang, Gao Xing et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

RetroPlanner: Multi-Route Expansion and Multi-Objective Reasoning for LLM-Based Retrosynthesis Planning

Multi-step retrosynthesis planning is often considered solved once a route to purchasable starting materials is found, but such a route should also be practical in real-world chemistry. Recent LLM-based planners formulate this process as sequential decision-making over an AND-OR graph, yet typically expand a single mol...

Ye Rin Kim, Yongjun Jeong, Seongjun Yun et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ChronoScribe: Semantic-Numerical Specialization for Instruction-Driven Time Series Forecasting

Recent advances in instruction-driven time series forecasting highlight a fundamental tension: systems must simultaneously master natural-language instruction following and precise numerical prediction. Current approaches often force a compromise. Large language models (LLMs) can interpret unstructured requests but may...

Yuchen Jiao, Miao Zhang, Yuxuan Liu et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

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