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large language models

2,160 papers

#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Statutory-Domain Asymmetry in LLM Compliance Guardrails: A Cross-Model Study of Hard Refusal Failure and Soft Gating Collapse in Enterprise HR Contexts

We evaluate the resilience of two frontier LLMs—Gemini 3.1 Flash and Claude Sonnet 5—against executive-authority pressure to draft unlawful HR documents across ten U.S. employment-law domains: ADEA, NLRA, ADA, Title VII, FLSA, FMLA, OSHA §11(c), ERISA §510, SOX §806, and PWFA/PDA. Each scenario-model pairing in the ori...

Prachi Sharma · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

LLM Sandbox: a portable runtime for securely executing LLM-generated code

LLM Sandbox is a lightweight, portable sandbox runtime (code interpreter) for executing Large Language Model generated code in isolation. It provides pluggable container backends (Docker, Podman, Kubernetes) with a Micromamba variant of the Docker backend, configurable security policies with static pre-execution analys...

Duy V. Huynh · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

Why Does a Maximum Speed Exist? ── The Two Relativities (Galilean and Lorentzian) and the Theorem of Ignatowski ── [Paper 83]

Why Does a Maximum Speed Exist? — The Two Relativities (Galilean and Lorentzian) and the Theorem of Ignatowski. Why does a maximum speed exist at all? Starting only from the relativity principle, the homogeneity and isotropy of space, and group structure (plus causality), the coordinate transformations between inertial...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Euler-Characteristic Origin of the 4π Patch ── Reading m = 4π as 2π·χ(S²) via Poincaré–Hopf ── [Paper 67]

The Euler-Characteristic Origin of the 4π Patch: Reading m = 4π as 2π·χ(S²) via Poincaré–Hopf. The constant 4π — the total solid angle of the 2-sphere and the limit mass m=4π of Paper 01 — anchors the Yamagishi system. This paper observes that 4π is topological, not merely geometric: by Gauss–Bonnet ∫K dA = 2π·χ, and b...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Qubit as a Hopf Fibration ── Is Born's "2" the Same Root as the Hopf Map's "2"? ── [Paper 68]

The Qubit as a Hopf Fibration: Is Born's "2" the Same Root as the Hopf Map's "2"? — A Disciplined Census of the Twos. The state space of a single qubit is exactly the Hopf fibration: normalised state vectors form S³⊂ℂ², the global phase is the fibre U(1)=S¹, the quotient S³/U(1)=S² is the Bloch sphere, and S³→S² is the...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The 8π Is an Artefact of the Units ── 3rd Edition: Giving Each of the Three Twos Its Own Address ── [Paper 17]

This paper showed that substituting m=4π into the kinetic term of the Schrödinger equation gives −(1/8π)∇²ψ + Vψ = Eψ, and the first edition claimed that this 8π has the same origin as the 8πG of Einstein's equation. The second edition withdrew that claim by separating three mutually unrelated factors of 2. The 3rd edi...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Summit Project Protocol: Leveraging AI for Objective Cognitive Assessment in Diplomatic Simulations.

ABSTRACT The Summit Project is an AI-driven cognitive audit infrastructure designed to digitize diplomatic training. This technical framework outlines the methodology for evaluating rhetorical fluency, logical consistency, and diplomatic integrity in multilateral debate simulations using Large Language Models (LLMs). B...

Anastasia Yarosh · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Four Planck Quantities Are Four Instances of One Rule ── 3rd ed.: in the Yamagishi Complete Planck Unit Unpacking Theory, the mass dimension fixes the power of 4π, and l_p/t_p=c holds in every unit system ── [Paper 40]

The Four Planck Quantities Are Four Instances of One Rule: Mass Dimension Fixes the Power of 4pi, and l_p/t_p = c Holds in Every Unit System. Third edition. This paper carried a table showing that under the Yamagishi patch G = 4pi, hbar = 1/(4pi) the four Planck quantities read l_p = c^(-3/2), t_p = c^(-5/2), m_p = sqr...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Yamagishi Kinetic Energy Equation ── E_k = 2π v², and the Three Distinct Roots of 2π ── [Paper 18]

Take the classical kinetic energy E_k = (1)/(2)mv² and substitute the Yamagishi patch obtained from the n=2 uniqueness theorem, m = 4π = Vol(S²): the result is E_k = 2π v². The substitution is correct. The coefficient (1)/(2) is the result of the integration ∫_0^v v'dv'=(v²)/(2). This paper examines the identity of the...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Uniqueness Theorem of n = 2 for Spherically Symmetric Density Distributions ── Confirmation from Four Directions (Geometry, Mechanics, Potential Theory, Information Theory) and the Representation m = 4π ── [Paper 01]

For a spherically symmetric power-law density distribution ρ(r) = r^(-n) (n in ℝ) in 3D Euclidean space ℝ³, we prove that the mass added per spherical shell, dm/dr = 4π r^(2-n), is independent of the radius r if and only if n = 2 (Theorem 1). The proof needs nothing more than comparing the values at radius 1 and radius...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

The Critical Line and the Fixed Point of the Functional Equation ── 1/2 Is the Name of a Coordinate, and an Exponent Is Not a Dimension ── [Paper 06]

The critical line Re(s)=1/2 is the fixed-point set of the involution that the functional equation ξ(s)=ξ(1-s) of the completed zeta function defines, s↦1-s. Starting from that single point, this paper settles the standing of each number that appears around the critical line. Scope of this paper (scope note): This paper...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations
#large language models Open access Sep 2026

From Boundary Energy to Volume Energy ── The Einstein–Yamagishi Volume Restoration Equation and the Overclock Pythagoras Equation ── [Paper 12]

What sits at the centre of this paper is not a computation but a re-reading. Substituting the geometric mass parameter m=4π obtained from the n=2 uniqueness theorem into Einstein's relation gives E = mc² = 4π c², and the right-hand side has the same form as the surface area of a sphere of radius c. Read in this form, E...

Yuuki Yamagishi · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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