Combining Gene Therapy with Current Modulator Treatments for Cystic Fibrosis: A Promising Area of Research
Unknown authors
Aug 2026· Pharmaceutics· 0 citations· 204 references
Abstract
Since the development of the first cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator in 2012, these therapies have revolutionized patients’ health. They are now the most effective treatment for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). In fact, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and vanzacaftor/tezacaftor/deutivacaftor, the latest combination therapies consisting of a CFTR potentiator and two CFTR correctors, improved lung function by 14% in pwCF. Other modulator therapies targeting CFTR mRNA and/or protein are currently under preclinical/clinical investigation. However, due to the variant-specific nature of these therapies, about 10% of pwCF in Europe remains without effective treatment, and many treated pwCF experience various adverse events such as headaches, infections, hepatotoxicity, hypertension, and depression. Therefore, mutation-agnostic strategies such as gene therapy are needed. They could expand treatment eligibility for all pwCF and improve outcomes. In fact, nucleic acid delivery (e.g., pDNA, mRNA, oligonucleotides, genome editing) or targeting non-CFTR channels to restore ion transport represent promising future additional directions for CF therapy. This review aims to discuss a potential combination between gene therapy approaches and existing modulators to improve treatment eligibility, safety, and efficacy.
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J. Bugter, L. El Bouazzaoui, E. Küçükköse et al.· bioRxiv· 2 citations
It is concluded that bridging the gap between foundational CRISPR research and its real-world applications is imperative and future efforts should focus on democratizing tools via open-source platforms, advancing delivery systems, and fostering sustainable innovation through synthetic biology integration to fully realize the transformative potential of genome editing in organisms beyond model organisms.
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Huijuan Li, Xiaoying Zhang, Xiaowen Wang et al.· International Journal of Mol...· 0 citations
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) causes more deaths, more years of life lost, and more years lived with disability than any other major category of disease worldwide. Gene editing technologies, including the CRISPR-Cas9 system and its offshoots, are increasingly applied in CVD animal research models to identify genetic drivers of disease processes and to develop and test targeted therapeutics. To explore the potential impact and limitations of using animal models for these applications, this review examines studies in which the creation of a CRISPR-Cas9 animal model has been used to find genetic drivers and develop therapies. Studies were identified using OVID Medline, searching the past 10 years of the primary literature across 4 CVD domains: congenital heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and atherosclerosis. The studies illustrate the vast range of gene editing applications and the value of models that parallel human genetic pathophysiology for specific disease processes. Besides furthering anatomical, clinical, and natural historical understanding of CVD pathologies and providing biological substrates in the development of screening and diagnostic tools, animal models support foundational stages in the development of genetic therapeutics, from gene target identification to discovery and development of gene-editing therapy mechanisms and delivery vehicles, through conducting therapeutic trials to assess the risk-benefit ratio.
Joshua Longmire, Harrison Smith-Jaoudi, Eesha Balar et al.· Georgetown Medical Review· 0 citations
A new method for surgically removing training examples from a model reveals that as datasets grow, the link between what a model learns and what it produces dissolves.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduAug 17, 2026