Factors Associated With COVID-19 Primary and Booster Vaccine Uptake Among New York City Public School Students.

Factors associated with COVID-19 booster dose uptake in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia: insights for policy improvement during pandemics

Men were significantly more than twice as likely to receive the booster dose compared to females, while individuals who had positive attitudes toward the booster dose were up to 5 times more likely to be vaccinated.

Heterogeneity among the vaccine hesitant: A secondary analysis of the national CEAL Common Survey data.

Vaccine hesitancy has been identified as a barrier to reducing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This study is a secondary analysis of factors related to vaccine hesitancy among a cohort of participants in the Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Common Survey 2. Administered by all 21 CEAL sites from November 2020 to November 2022, this survey included the responses from thousands of U.S. residents across multiple U.S. States. We hypothesized significant demographic differences in vaccine hesitancy, perceptions of trustworthiness of physicians and institutions (e.g. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and reasons for vaccine refusal. Multiple variable logistic regression models were used to examine whether individual-level factors explained sociodemographic characteristics in vaccine hesitance. This large national sample included 13,802 participants; 31.30% Non-Hispanic Black, 36.70% Hispanic, and 27.75% Non-Hispanic White. Over 12% of sample respondents indicated they had not received any dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. NH White participants were most likely to be vaccinated (91.80%), while Non-Hispanic Black participants were least (81.78%). There were significant educational and age gradients related to vaccination; 20.78% of those with high school education were unvaccinated compared to 6.18% of those with a graduate degree. Participants 55 years and older were less likely to be unvaccinated compared to younger participants. Less than 5% of the participants distrusted their doctors in providing COVID-19 information, while approximately over 40% distrusted the FDA to ensure a safe pediatric vaccine. Among the unvaccinated, there were racial and educational differences in reasons for being unvaccinated, such as dislike of needles and belonging to communities that disproved of being vaccinated. Future vaccine campaigns will likely need different approaches to convince population sub-groups to be vaccinated. These results may underscore the need for continued improvements to vaccine initiatives to may improve vaccine uptake.

Determinants of seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in high-risk individuals in northern Sweden

Effects of School-Entry Vaccination Mandates on Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Uptake: United States, 2008-2023.

Disparities in Adult Influenza Vaccination in the United States: Analysis of 2023 BRFSS Data

Despite longstanding recommendations for universal adult influenza vaccination, coverage remains suboptimal in the United States (U.S.). The objective of this study is to examine current influenza vaccination coverage and identify demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities in vaccination among U.S. adults. Cross-sectional analysis of 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 402,005 adults across 52 states/territories. Survey-weighted logistic regression models assessed independent predictors of self-reported influenza vaccination in the past twelve months, including demographics, socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, and health status. Overall vaccination coverage was 42.2% (95% CI 42.0–42.4%), well below the Healthy People 2030 target of 70%. Coverage increased markedly with age, from 29.2% among 18–24 year-olds to 66.9% among those ≥ 80 years of age. Women had higher coverage than men (45.4% vs. 38.7%, p < 0.001). Strong socioeconomic gradients emerged: coverage among college graduates (54.3%) exceeded that of those with less than a high school education (32.6%) and those earning ≥ $200,000 (53.5%) exceeded those earning < $15,000 (34.4%). Insurance status showed the largest disparity—45.1% of insured versus 16.2% of uninsured adults were vaccinated. Geographic variation was substantial, ranging from 19.1% in the Virgin Islands to 56.6% in Massachusetts. In multivariable analysis, the strongest predictors were advanced age (≥ 80 years: adjusted OR = 3.51, 95% CI 3.18–3.87), insurance coverage (adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.57–1.93), and recent healthcare engagement (checkup within past year; adjusted OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.53–1.73). Influenza vaccination coverage remains far below national targets, with pronounced disparities across age, socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, and geography. These findings suggest that efforts to advance equity may benefit from addressing structural barriers, such as expanding insurance coverage, workplace vaccination programs, and targeted outreach to underserved populations; because the data are observational, these represent potential implications rather than conclusions about causal effects. Influenza (flu) is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. Annual influenza vaccination has been shown to reduce the incidence of influenza as well as its related complications such as hospitalization, respiratory failure, and even death. Despite longstanding recommendations for universal adult influenza vaccination, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that only about half of U.S. adults receive the vaccine on an annual basis. The goal of this project was to evaluate current influenza vaccination coverage and identify factors that may influence whether adults choose to be vaccinated. We performed an analysis of data from the CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), the nation's largest continuously conducted health survey system. The data included telephonic survey responses from 402,005 adults across 52 states/territories. The survey asks respondents to provide their age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, household income, health insurance status, self-rated health status, and influenza vaccination status. Main results of the analysis include: overall only 42% of respondents reported receiving the influenza vaccine. Coverage increased markedly with age, from 29% among 18–24 year-olds to 67% among those 80 years of age or older. Other strong predictors of receiving influenza vaccination included having a higher education level, higher household income, and health insurance. These data point to the need for public health initiatives that expand access of the influenza vaccine to young adults, those with limited education and/or income, as well as uninsured adults.

Preparing for the Next Pandemic: Exploring Predictors of Vaccine Uptake in American Cities.

PurposeCOVID-19 devastated communities globally, with the United States leading in fatalities despite extensive control efforts. In 2021, COVID-19 vaccines emerged as the most promising solution, with an efficacy rate exceeding 95% after full vaccination. However, herd immunity remains an elusive target with only 70% of the U.S. population fully vaccinated. This study investigates whether prior vaccination and medical history significantly predict COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake.DesignUsing data collected from the 66th largest U.S. city after the widespread deployment of COVID-19 vaccines and boosters, we employed logistic regression to test whether an individual's history of vaccination and prior medical engagement positively influence COVID-19 vaccine-related decisions.SettingCross-sectional U.S. survey from July-October 2022 (N = 397) and November 2023-February 2024 (N = 429).SubjectsAdult Residents of the City of Newark, New Jersey (Aged 18+).MeasuresNewark Community Health Survey (2022, 2023).ResultsIndividuals with a history of preventive care, such as attending at least one non-emergency medical visit in the past year, receiving either the pneumococcal or influenza vaccine within the past year, strongly predicted COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. These predictors also demonstrated a strong positive association with the completion of the primary vaccine series and a higher overall total vaccine uptake.ConclusionFuture vaccine campaigns should prioritize "low engagement" populations who lack both recent routine medical visits and a history of previous vaccinations.