Factors associated with COVID-19 booster dose uptake in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia: insights for policy improvement during pandemics

Coverage and determinants of COVID-19 vaccination among 36 555 Nigerian women of childbearing age: a mixed-effects analysis of nationally representative data

Abstract Introduction Even though COVID-19 has spread globally, with millions of deaths, vaccination remains low in resource-constrained settings. Uptake of COVID-19 vaccine has remained suboptimal despite its potential for protection against the disease. The objective of this study was to assess the factors associated with higher COVID-19 vaccination uptake among Nigerian women of reproductive age. Methods A sample of 36 555 women aged 15–49 years was extracted from the 2024 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data. The outcome variable was COVID-19 vaccination. Percentage and χ2 tests were used in univariate and bivariate analyses. In addition, self-reported COVID-19 vaccination uptake was examined using multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis. Results Approximately 73.9% of Nigerian women received no dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Those who received one dose were 13.4%, two doses were 10.5% and >2 doses were 2.1%, respectively. The full model (model V) was selected based on model fitness selection criteria. Older women, educated, Muslims, those covered by health insurance, formerly married, employed, exposed to media, from higher household wealth, have community-level willingness for COVID-19 vaccine uptake, native of the community and living in North East/North Central/South East/South South/South West had higher odds of being in a higher COVID-19 vaccination category when compared with women aged 15–19 years, with no formal education, Christians, uninsured, single, unemployed, not exposed to media, from poorest household, no community-level willingness for COVID-19 uptake, not a native of the community and from North West, respectively. On the other hand, women having a household size >6 were less likely to be in a higher COVID-19 vaccination category when compared with those having a household size of 1–2 members. Conclusions COVID-19 vaccination was approximately one-quarter. This finding is grossly suboptimal for herd immunity. Demographic, socioeconomic and environmental factors were associated with higher COVID-19 vaccination uptake among Nigerian women of reproductive age.

Uptake of COVID‐19 Vaccines and Intention to Vaccinate in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Cross‐Sectional Survey

ABSTRACT Background and Aims COVID‐19 pandemic caused significant mortality and morbidity locally and globally. Vaccines were introduced as the most effective medical countermeasure against severe morbidity, hospitalization, and death. However, vaccine uptake remains suboptimal in many countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa. This study assessed uptake of COVID‐19 vaccines and intention to vaccinate and associated factors in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods We carried out a cross‐sectional survey with data collected from April to May 2022 through mobile phones in the DRC among 1075 persons. Uptake of COVID‐19 vaccines and Intention to vaccinate were the main outcome variables. Results Of the participants, 89/1075 (8.3%) declared having received a full dose of the vaccine, and 38/1075 (3.4%) had received an incomplete dose. Results show that the uptake of the COVID‐19 vaccine was associated with being older (adjusted PR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.05–3.27), living outside of Kinshasa (adjusted PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.24–2.53), perceiving the Ministry of Health as competent with regard to the COVID‐19 response (adjusted PR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05–2.35), and identifying health workers as a source of information for COVID‐19 (adjusted PR = 1.62; 95% CI: 2.34). Seven out of 10 respondents declared the intention to be vaccinated. Being female (adjusted PR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.75–0.92), having a high perception in the competence of the MOH staff on COVID‐19 response (adjusted PR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.13–1.36), and trusting radio as a source of information for COVID‐19 (adjusted PR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.02–1.22) were factors associated with the intention for COVID‐19 vaccination. Conclusion Biological factors (age and sex), perceiving the MOH as competent with regard to the COVID‐19 and sources of COVID‐19 information (radio and health workers) must be taken into account for the development of strategies to improve the uptake of these interventions for COVID‐19 prevention and control.

COVID-19 vaccination among people with HIV in Uganda: lessons from a high-risk group with high vaccine uptake for the next pandemic

Background: Despite the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine, vaccination rates vary across settings and populations, especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). We assessed factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among PLHIV in Mbarara, Uganda. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study consisting of PLHIV ≥18 years old on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We collected data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors beginning in December 2021, 9 months after the vaccine became available in Uganda. Reasons for vaccine acceptance and hesitancy were analyzed descriptively, while factors associated with vaccine uptake were assessed using Poisson models with robust standard errors. Results: We analyzed data from 449 participants with a mean age of 46 years (SD 9) and ART duration of 10 years (SD 4). 42% were female, 96% were virally suppressed (<50 copies/mL), and 83% (95% CI=75%−92%) reported vaccination for COVID-19. In unadjusted analyses, greater concern about COVID-19, obtaining COVID-19 information from health resources, longer ART duration in years, and continuous access to soap and water were positively and significantly correlated with vaccine uptake (p<0.05). Among those unvaccinated (n=77/449, 17%), fear of side effects (n=32/77, 42%) and beliefs that vaccination increased infection risk (n=12/77, 16%) were predominant reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions: We found high rates of COVID-19 vaccination among PLHIV on ART in Uganda. Among those unvaccinated, lack of confidence in the safety of the vaccine was the primary barrier to uptake. Future vaccine campaigns should emphasize vaccine safety and efficacy and actively combat misinformation to promote uptake.

Intention to take COVID-19 vaccine and its predictors among adult residents of Jimma town, Oromia, South West Ethiopia.

The high coverage of vaccination, which may be measured by the number of those successfully convinced to take vaccination, is a key factor in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. This, however, appears to be linked to the precise identification of the underlying factors for intention to take vaccine. Besides these, there were no studies that showed the prevalence and predictors of intention to take COVID-19 vaccine in the study area. The study aimed to assess intention to take COVID-19 vaccination and predictors among adult residents of Jimma town, Oromia, Southwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 10 to 25, 2022 among 627 adult residents of Jimma town from. A Multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 25 software. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. P-value < 0.05 with 95% CI was considered to indicate a significant association. Of the 627 study participants, 346 (55.2%); (95% CI: 51.0%-59.2%) have the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. Among the constructs of theory of planned behavior, direct (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: ( 1.12-3.43) and indirect Perceived behavioral control (AOR = 1.22; 95% CI: (1.06-1.41), direct attitude (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: (1.32-4.41), and direct subjective norms (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: (1.06-2.36), had statistically significant association with respondents' intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. In this study, 55.2% of adults in Jimma town intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Direct attitude, direct subjective norms, direct PBC, and indirect PBC have been predicted as adults' intention to take COVID-19 vaccination. Behavioral change communication interventions such as media campaigns, community education, and dialogue guided by theory of planned behavior, should focus on addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and reducing the negative influence of referents to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Immunisation Programmes in Ibadan Metropolis, Southwest Nigeria

Background: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic disrupted routine immunisation (RI) services. Reports from low- and middle-income countries remain inconsistent and under-represented. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on RI, assess the perspectives of caregivers on service provision and pandemic preparedness in a Nigerian city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2020 and February 2021 among consecutive mother-child pairs attending four high-volume immunisation clinics: a public primary, a secondary, a tertiary, and a private healthcare facility. Vaccine uptake and caregivers’ experiences were determined, while multivariable logistic regression models were used to predict missed immunisations. Results: A total of 416 mother-child pairs were enrolled. Males were 223 (53.6%), while children aged 7-12 months were 59.6% (248/416). Uptake of Expanded Programme on Immunisation vaccines were as follows: Bacillus Calmette

Factors Associated With COVID-19 Primary and Booster Vaccine Uptake Among New York City Public School Students.