Trend and Epidemiological Mapping of Oral Cancer in The State of Ceará from 2017 to 2023: Ecological Time-Series Study

Temporal trends and regional inequalities in oral cancer in Brazil, 2013-2030: An ecological time-series analysis.

The trends revealed a significant increase in incidence across all macro-regions, particularly in the North and South regions, whereas mortality rates remained stable, whereas mortality rates remained stable in the North and South regions.

Temporal and Geographical Overview of Cancer Mortality in Alagoas (2001-2022): The Urgency of Care Decentralization

Trends in cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Mongolia, 2014–2024: a population-based analysis of pandemic-related disruptions

Cervical cancer remains a major public health concern in Mongolia, where screening coverage is estimated at approximately 38%, well below recommended levels, and access to timely diagnosis varies. This study examined temporal trends in incidence and mortality and assessed the impact of COVID-19–related disruptions on cancer detection. A nationwide population-based study was conducted using data from Mongolia’s national health information system (H-Info). All cervical cancer cases (ICD-10: C53.0-C53.9) and related deaths from 2014 to 2024 were included. Age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated using the WHO world standard population as reference. Temporal trends were analyzed using log-linear and segmented regression models. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) was used as an ecological indicator of population-level cancer outcomes. A total of 3,990 cases and 1,370 deaths were identified. Incidence increased between 2014 and 2016, declined thereafter, and dropped sharply during 2020–2022 (APC −29.4%), before rebounding in 2023–2024. In contrast, mortality declined gradually over the study period. MIR increased during the pandemic and declined following service recovery. Cervical cancer incidence in Mongolia is highly sensitive to disruptions in screening and diagnostic services. Divergent trends between incidence and mortality likely reflect reduced detection during the pandemic rather than true changes in disease burden. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining continuity of cancer screening and diagnostic services during health-system disruptions.

National trends in renal cancer mortality and public-sector surgical delivery in Brazil: a 11-year ecological analysis

Abstract Objectives Renal cell carcinoma represents a growing global health challenge, characterized by rising incidence rates and high mortality associated with late-stage detection. In Brazil, the asymptomatic nature of early-stage disease and the lack of routine screening frequently delay diagnoses, while population-based data on disparities in surgical access remain limited. This study aims to describe parallel national trends in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) mortality and public-sector surgical delivery patterns in Brazil between 2013 and 2023, and to assess demographic and regional disparities. Methods This nationwide ecological study analyzed secondary data from two Brazilian administrative databases: the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS). Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated using population estimates from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Temporal trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression to estimate Annual Percent Change (APC). Surgical data were analyzed descriptively to evaluate procedure volume and modality distribution within the public health system. Results Between 2013 and 2023, a total of 70,588 renal surgeries were performed within SUS, of which approximately 33,000 were oncological nephrectomies. Among all renal surgeries, radical procedures predominated (92.2 %), while partial nephrectomies accounted for only 7.8 % of the total volume. In the oncological subset, which reached 4,277 annual procedures by 2023, radical techniques accounted for 63.6 % of cases and partial nephrectomies 36.4 %. Mortality analysis demonstrated significant increases among individuals aged ≥80 years in both sexes, whereas middle-aged groups (60–79 years) showed initial increases followed by stabilization. Regional disparities were observed in surgical rates, with the Northeast recording the lowest rate (18.34 per 100,000 inhabitants/year) and the South the highest (48.56 per 100,000 inhabitants/year). Conclusions RCC mortality in Brazil demonstrates age- and region-specific heterogeneity at the population level. Surgical data reveal persistent disparities in access to oncological surgical treatment within the public sector. These findings provide complementary system-level indicators of cancer burden and distribution of healthcare infrastructure, highlighting areas for policy intervention and improvements in national data integration.

TEMPORAL TRENDS IN PANCREATIC CANCER MORTALITY IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 1980 AND 2023: ARE WE ALIGNED WITH THE GLOBAL PROJECTIONS?

ABSTRACT Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with rising incidence and mortality rates, although its burden remains poorly investigated in Brazil. Understanding its regional and sex-specific trends is critical for tailoring public health interventions and mitigating the disease’s impact in the Brazilian population. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the temporal trends in PC mortality among Brazilian individuals between 1980 and 2023 and its alignment with the global projections. Methods: This retrospective, population-based ecological study analyzed PC mortality data using the Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM) and demographic data from the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Annual Percent Change (APC) calculations were performed to assess temporal trends by Brazilian geographic regions and sex, accounting for demographic shifts over time. Results: A total of 257,671 PC-related deaths occurred during the study period, averaging 5,856 deaths per year. The overall mortality trend for PC in Brazil showed a continuous increase of (APC: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.16-1.32; P-value <0.01). Regional analyses revealed significant increases in the North (APC: 2.32), South (APC: 0.59), and Midwest (APC: 1.45) regions. Sex-specific trends indicated a steady increase for women throughout the period, while men experienced alternating phases of rising and stationary trends. Conclusion: PC mortality in Brazil has risen significantly over the past four decades, with marked regional and sex-specific disparities, aligning with global perspectives. These findings highlight the need for targeted PC prevention, early detection, and equitable access to high-quality cancer care, particularly in vulnerable regions and populations.

Factors Associated with Oral Cancer Mortality Rates in the State of Alagoas: Decade-Long Analysis

Introduction: Oral cancer presents high mortality rates in Brazil, showing increasing rates in the states of the Northeast. Objective: To analyze the factors associated with mortality from oral cancer in the municipalities of Alagoas from 2013 to 2023. Method: Ecological study conducted using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and IBGE on deaths from mouth cancer classified according to CID-10 codes C00-C09, by residence, in medium and large-sized municipalities of Alagoas. Socioeconomic and health service access indicators were obtained from the 2010 and 2022 censuses, E-Gestor Primary Care, and the Oncology Panel. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analyzed in STATA SE 11.2 using a multivariate Poisson regression model with random effects. Results: A total of 366 deaths were reported in medium and large-sized municipalities in the state of Alagoas between 2013 and 2023. Mortality rates ranged from 0 to 0.83 deaths per 10,000 inhabitants across different municipalities. Despite variations in mortality rates and the analyzed indicators, no statistically significant association was identified between oral cancer mortality and socioeconomic or healthcare access indicators. Conclusion: Although no variable showed statistical significance, the study demonstrated the persistent occurrence of oral cancer mortality throughout the analyzed decade, as well as low socioeconomic and healthcare access indicators in medium- and large-sized municipalities in the state of Alagoas.