Oct 2026· SCIENCE Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA
Educational Methods and Outcomes
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of implementing the Discovery Learning model on fifth-grade students' Science Process Skills (SPS) concerning Earth's structure at SDN Gelam 1 Candi. The underlying issue was students' suboptimal science process skills stemming from conventional teacher-centered instructional practices and an absence of tangible learning media for abstract geological concepts. This study employed a quantitative pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample comprised 21 fifth-grade students at SDN Gelam 1 Candi selected via purposive sampling. Research tools included discovery-based teaching modules and student worksheets, while data were gathered using validated SPS essay tests, observation sheets, and documentation. The findings revealed a substantial enhancement in students' SPS, indicated by an increase in the class mean score from 58.14 in the pretest to 85.00 in the posttest. Hypothesis testing using a paired sample t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between pre- and post-intervention performance. Consequently, the Discovery Learning model is proven to exert a positive and significant effect on fostering primary school students' science process skills. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS) peserta didik pada materi Struktur Bumi di kelas V SDN Gelam 1 Candi. Rendahnya KPS siswa melatarbelakangi penelitian ini akibat proses pembelajaran yang masih bersifat konvensional berpusat pada guru serta minimnya media konkret dalam memvisualisasikan materi geologis yang abstrak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif pra-eksperimen dengan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 21 siswa kelas V SDN Gelam 1 Candi yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Perangkat pembelajaran yang digunakan meliputi modul ajar dan lembar kerja peserta didik berbasis penemuan, sedangkan data dikumpulkan melalui tes esai KPS yang telah tervalidasi ahli, lembar observasi aktivitas, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan KPS yang signifikan, dibuktikan oleh lonjakan nilai rata-rata dari 58,14 pada saat pretest menjadi 85,00 pada saat posttest. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan paired sample t-test membuktikan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kemampuan sains siswa sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Dengan demikian, penerapan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning terbukti memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa sekolah dasar.
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