Growth Hormone and Cancer Risk: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study with Mediation Testing.

Genetically predicted vitamin D levels and risk of head and neck cancer: a mendelian randomization study

Genetic Links Between Cancer and Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Background While observational studies have indicated a potential link between cancer and coronary atherosclerosis, the relationship remains obscured by confounding factors. Elucidating a shared genetic basis may uncover common pathophysiological pathways. Methods We employed a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate causal relationships between 23 cancer types and coronary atherosclerosis. Reverse MR analysis was also conducted to explore potential bidirectional effects. Given the exploratory nature of this pan‐cancer analysis, we report nominal significance (p < 0.05) without multiple‐testing correction. Results Forward MR analysis identified nominally significant associations between coronary atherosclerosis and five cancer types; however, after rigorous sensitivity analyses, only the inverse associations with pancreatic cancer (OR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.83–0.98 and hepatic cancer (OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.81–0.94 remained robust. Reverse MR analysis suggested that genetic predisposition to ovarian cancer was associated with lower odds of coronary atherosclerosis(OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.94–0.99 ), though the effect size was modest. Interpretation This comprehensive large‐scale MR study provides hypothesis‐generating evidence for a bidirectional genetic interplay between cardiovascular and oncological diseases. These findings point to a complex interplay between these conditions, paving the way for future investigations into shared mechanisms and integrated therapeutic strategies. However, all associations should be interpreted as suggestive rather than definitive causal evidence, and validation in independent cohorts is warranted.

Causal Association Between Antidepressant Use and Thyroid Disease Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Genetic evidence of potential associations between antidepressant use and increased risks of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and hypothyroidism is provided, and support consideration of thyroidfunction monitoring in patients receiving antidepressant treatment, particularly those with pre-existing thyroid risk factors.

Causal association between hip osteoarthritis and the risk of pancreatic cancer: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

The potential causal relationship between hip osteoarthritis (HOA) and pancreatic cancer (PC) is not well understood. To investigate this, our study utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to examine a possible causal link between HOA and an increased risk of PC. Genome-wide association study summary data for both HOA and PC were sourced from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit OpenGWAS database (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/datasets/). The single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with these conditions at a statistically significant level (P value <5 × 10−8) were identified as instrumental variables for subsequent analysis. We conducted bidirectional two-sample MR analyses employing inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and weighted mode methods. The robustness of the findings was assessed through sensitivity testing. The IVW analysis indicated that HOA elevated the risk of PC (odds ratio = 1.788; 95% confidence interval: 1.166–2.742; P = .008). Conversely, in the reverse MR analysis, the IVW analysis provided no evidence that PC increased the risk of HOA (odds ratio = 1.016; 95% confidence interval: 0.973–1.060; P = .475). In addition, the weighted mode, weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods did not uncover a causal relationship. There was no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among the instrumental variables. The “leave-one-out” analysis revealed that no single-nucleotide polymorphism significantly influenced the overall results. Genetically predicted HOA is significantly associated with an increased risk of PC. However, we found no evidence that PC leads to an increased risk of HOA.

Cannabis use and Cancer: Dissecting genetic causality for site-specific risks through two-sample Mendelian Randomization

Clarifying risk-factor associations with quantitative breast tumor features: a pooled analysis of 24 studies.

This pooled analysis of 15,731 cases showed that nulliparity, age at menopause, MHT, and BMI have independent, dose-response associations with ER, PR, and grade, clarifying patterns of etiologic heterogeneity.