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#large language models Open access

fesom_kokkos: a C++/Kokkos port of the FESOM2 ocean and sea-ice model for CPUs and GPUs

Nikolay Koldunov Sebastian Beyer
Oct 2026 · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Abstract

A performance-portable C++/Kokkos port of the ocean and sea-ice core of FESOM2: one source tree for CPUs (Kokkos Serial, OpenMP) and GPUs (CUDA, HIP). The Serial build reproduces the C port byte for byte. Code of the paper An Ocean Model Ported by a Large Language Model: Experience and Lessons from FESOM2 (Fortran to C to C++/Kokkos). Developed at github.com/koldunovn/fesom_kokkos. Files: fesom_kokkos-1.0.0.zip: version 1.0.0. Start with docs/RUNNING.md. fesom_kokkos-0bd65156.zip: commit 0bd6515, the paper's CUDA hindcast 1958-2020. fesom_kokkos-a0b474b8.zip: commit a0b474b8, the one-year byte-identity test and the GPU acceptance tests. fesom_kokkos-4436583b.zip: commit 4436583b, the CPU strong-scaling measurements on Levante. fesom_kokkos-d1a56907.zip: commit d1a5690, the GPU strong-scaling measurements on Levante, LUMI and MareNostrum 5. kokkos-4.4.01.zip: Kokkos 4.4.01 (Apache License 2.0 with LLVM exceptions), the git submodule the model builds in-tree; unpack it into externals/kokkos. Please also cite FESOM2 (Danilov et al., 2017, doi:10.5194/gmd-10-765-2017) and Kokkos (Trott et al., 2022, doi:10.1109/TPDS.2021.3097283).

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