Aug 2026· Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A· Vol 114 8, pp.
e70138
· 0 citations· 64 references
Medicine
TL;DR
The developed coating combines anti-adhesive surface properties with controlled, infection-triggered antibiotic release, limiting unnecessary drug exposure while improving localized antibacterial activity, highlighting the potential of HA-coated MSN coatings as smart implant surface modifications for reducing implant-associated infections and biofilm formation.
Abstract
Implant-associated infections remain a major challenge due to biofilm formation and uncontrolled antibiotic release from conventional coatings. This study presents an enzyme-responsive nanoparticle-based coating designed to enable localized and on-demand antibiotic delivery on titanium implant surfaces. Hyaluronidase-sensitive ciprofloxacin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) coated with hyaluronic acid (MSN-CIP-HA) were synthesized and deposited onto titanium substrates via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The nanoparticles and coated surfaces were characterized in terms of morphology, surface properties, and wettability. Drug release behavior was evaluated under physiological (pH 7.4) and infection-mimicking acidic (pH 5) conditions in the presence and absence of hyaluronidase. After 72 h, ciprofloxacin release from coated titanium reached 0.51 μg at pH 7.4 without enzyme and increased to 2.63 μg in the presence of hyaluronidase. Similarly, release at pH 5 increased from 0.93 to 3.31 μg following enzyme addition, indicating effective enzyme-triggered degradation of the HA coating layer. Antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated reduced bacterial adhesion on coated surfaces and enhanced antibacterial efficacy under enzyme-responsive conditions. The developed coating therefore combines anti-adhesive surface properties with controlled, infection-triggered antibiotic release, limiting unnecessary drug exposure while improving localized antibacterial activity. These findings highlight the potential of HA-coated MSN coatings as smart implant surface modifications for reducing implant-associated infections and biofilm formation.
The multifunctional coating provides sustained antimicrobial activity alongside immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative effects, supporting its potential to treat implant-related infections while enhancing peri-implant soft tissue remodeling.
Mariana Martins Guerreiro, Amanda Paino Santana, D. M. Cunha et al.· Journal of Periodontal Resea...· 0 citations
Indwelling medical devices are highly susceptible to infection and thrombosis, two major complications arising from bacterial adhesion, protein deposition, and platelet aggregation on device surfaces. To address these challenges, a multifunctional surface that integrates slippery nanoemulsion (NE) infusion with dual bioactive release of nitric oxide (NO) and eugenol (EG) was developed. N-hexadecane-based NEs, with or without eugenol incorporation, were infused into S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP)-impregnated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to create materials featuring a stable lubricant reservoir that provides anti-fouling properties and is combined with an active antimicrobial and antithrombotic agent. The combined material SNAP-2%EG exhibited low sliding angles (<20°) while maintaining near-physiological NO release for 24 h. The SNAP-2%EG did not elicit cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblast cells, with relative cell viability >70%, while significantly reducing the adhesion and viability of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by 2.95 log and 1.76 log, respectively. The combined strategy significantly reduced fibrinogen adsorption by up to 40% and platelet adhesion by 98%, thereby enhancing anti-fouling efficacy. The SNAP-impregnated samples infused with eugenol-NE demonstrated promising results and potential for biomedical applications.
Grace H Nguyen, Everett Grizzle, Elizabeth J. Brisbois· Biomaterials Science· 0 citations
Findings indicate that PLGA-MIN/CUR coatings represent a promising multifunctional strategy for enhancing implant surface performance and preventing or managing peri-implantitis.
A. Alrashidi, Sitah Alharthi, Deepa Sreekanth· 3 Biotech· 0 citations
Medical device‐associated biofilms are the primary source of chronic infections, antibiotic resistance, and device failure, but currently available antibacterial coatings have limited activity against sustained colonization. Conducting polymers have attracted considerable interest for biomedical applications owing to their reversible redox behavior and ability to accommodate therapeutic agents. In this work, we report a redox‐active antibacterial coating based on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) loaded with ceftazidime (CAZ), designed to link antibiotic release to bacterial electroactivity. A high charge storage capacity (14.6 ± 3.4 mC cm
−
2
) together with an increased charge transfer resistance (10.7 ± 0.5 kΩ) indicated successful incorporation of CAZ within PEDOT matrix. Negligible passive release of CAZ (1.2 ± 0.1 µg cm
−2
) was noted when compared with bacteria‐induced release in the presence of
Shewanella oneidensis
(44.4 ± 9.0 µg cm
−2
) and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(62.2 ± 2.8 µg cm
−2
), as well as electrically‐induced release (49.5 ± 5.9 µg cm
−2
). Spectroelectrochemical and impedance data revealed that the redox state of PEDOT was modulated in a species‐dependent manner. The presence of PEDOT@CAZ limited the viability of
S. oneidensis
and
P. aeruginosa
to 13% and 20%, respectively. These findings indicate that PEDOT@CAZ acts as an intelligent antibacterial surface, releasing antibiotics in response to bacterial activity.
Abdullah, S. Smółka, Kamran Ayaz et al.· Advanced Materials Interface...· 0 citations
Electrospun poly-based fibers functionalized with silver and gold nanoparticles demonstrated an excellent balance of safety, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial performance, making them promising candidates for biomedical applications that require both inflammation control and antimicrobial protection.
Antónia Kurillová, Saverio Caporalini, Bahareh Azimi et al.· Frontiers in Bioengineering...· 0 citations
The development of multifunctional antibacterial nanoplatforms capable of overcoming poor drug stability, uncontrolled release, and biofilm-associated bacterial resistance remains a major challenge in antimicrobial activity. Herein, ZIF-8 and PCN-222 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with and without alginate coating, were investigated as carriers for the controlled delivery of a benzanthrone derivative (6A). Physicochemical characterization confirmed successful drug incorporation, preservation of framework crystallinity, enhanced colloidal stability, and effective alginate surface modification. PCN-222 exhibited the highest encapsulation efficiency owing to its large mesoporous channels. In contrast, because the molecular dimensions of 6A exceed the pore aperture of ZIF-8, drug loading in ZIF-8 occurred predominantly through surface adsorption rather than pore encapsulation, whereas alginate-coated ZIF-8 provided superior structural stability and diffusion-regulated release behavior. In vitro release studies demonstrated pronounced pH-responsive release under acidic conditions, while kinetic modeling indicated predominantly diffusion-controlled transport following Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas mechanisms. Among all investigated formulations, 6A@ZIF-8@Alginate exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 ± 0.8 μg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus. The formulation additionally displayed rapid bactericidal kinetics, strong antibiofilm activity, enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and severe bacterial membrane damage, as confirmed by CLSM, live/dead fluorescence staining, SEM, and TEM analyses. Mechanistic investigations, including bacterial surface zeta potential measurements, ICP-OES quantification of Zn2+ release, and ROS scavenger experiments, revealed that the superior antibacterial performance originated from the synergistic effects of nanoparticle-bacteria interactions, controlled release of 6A and Zn2+ ions, oxidative stress induction, and membrane destabilization. Although PCN-222 exhibited superior drug loading capacity, alginate-coated ZIF-8 provided the most favorable balance between pH-responsive release, antibacterial efficacy, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, 6A@ZIF-8@Alginate demonstrated low hemolytic activity, favorable cytocompatibility, and enhanced colloidal stability compared with pristine ZIF-8. The antibacterial, antibiofilm, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility properties of the developed formulations were evaluated through in vitro assays. Overall, the results demonstrate that alginate-coated ZIF-8 is a promising in vitro antibacterial nanoplatform for controlled drug delivery and inhibition of biofilm-associated bacterial growth.
Shaikha S. Al Neyadi· International Journal of Bio...· 1 citation
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