全球技术普惠的去政治化路径:专利买断—开源—套利驱动的公共品供给模型及农业领域实施方案 Depoliticized Pathways to Global Technology Inclusiveness: A Patent Buyout–Open Source–Arbitrage-Driven Public Goods Supply Model and Implementation Plan for Agriculture
Abstract
作者:郭洋洋Author: Guo YangyangORCID:0009-0006-6669-1790Contact email:gyy-goes@foxmail.comPublication Type: PreprintSubmission Date: September 27, 2026Version: v1.0 Final Bilingual EditionPreprint DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22986634Open Access License: CC BY 4.0 摘要 Abstract 当前全球技术治理体系存在双重困境:一方面,专利垄断形成的技术壁垒持续放大南北发展差距,基础技术在欠发达地区的供给严重不足;另一方面,现有政府间技术转移机制高度政治化,易被霸权国家操控,且传统自上而下的援助模式效率低下、可持续性弱。本文提出一套去政治化的全球技术公共品供给框架:通过设立职能单一的中立第三方机构,以市场化方式买断成熟基础专利并全面开源,人为制造技术价格洼地,依托市场套利动机驱动技术自发落地与扩散,最终实现技术普惠的自运行闭环。该框架摒弃 “技术先进性优先” 的传统逻辑,建立以 “普惠杠杆率” 为核心的反向遴选机制,优先选择临期 / 过期、低落地门槛、高覆盖人口的生存型技术;同时引入极限逼近原则与动态日落机制,避免组织官僚化异化。本文进一步以基础农业领域为样本,设计了包含技术遴选梯队、轻量化适配、非干预式落地对接的完整操作方案,并验证了该机制在欠发达地区的可行性与高杠杆效应。研究为全球技术治理提供了一种替代传统政治 — 慈善范式的中性演化路径,核心贡献在于构建了 “公益目标 + 市场机制 + 中立主体” 的技术普惠新模式。 The current global technology governance system faces a dual dilemma. On the one hand, technical barriers formed by patent monopolies continue to widen the North-South development gap, resulting in a severe shortage of basic technologies in less developed regions. On the other hand, existing intergovernmental technology transfer mechanisms are highly politicized, vulnerable to manipulation by hegemonic powers, and traditional top-down aid models suffer from low efficiency and weak sustainability. This paper proposes a depoliticized framework for the supply of global technology public goods: by establishing a neutral third-party institution with a single function, it buys out mature basic patents through market-based methods and releases them fully as open source, artificially creating a price depression for technology. Driven by market arbitrage incentives, the technology spontaneously localizes and diffuses, ultimately forming a self-sustaining cycle of technology inclusiveness. Rejecting the traditional logic of "technology advancement first", the framework establishes a reverse selection mechanism centered on the "inclusiveness leverage ratio", prioritizing subsistence technologies that are expiring or expired, have low adoption thresholds, and benefit large populations. Meanwhile, it introduces the limit approximation principle and a dynamic sunset mechanism to prevent bureaucratic alienation of the organization. Taking basic agriculture as a sample, this paper further designs a complete implementation scheme including technology selection echelons, lightweight adaptation, and non-interventionary localization matching, and verifies the feasibility and high leverage effect of the mechanism in less developed regions. This study provides a neutral evolutionary path for global technology governance as an alternative to the traditional political-philanthropic paradigm. Its core contribution lies in constructing a new model of technology inclusiveness featuring "public welfare goals + market mechanisms + neutral actors". 关键词:全球技术公共品;专利买断;市场套利;技术普惠;去政治化治理;农业技术扩散Keywords: global technology public goods; patent buyout; market arbitrage; technology inclusiveness; depoliticized governance; agricultural technology diffusion