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small language model

2,971 papers

#artificial intelligence Open access Sep 2026

An Explainable Multimodal Deep Learning Framework for Alzheimer's Disease Classification Using MRI, PET, and Clinical Data

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) often remains undetected until memory loss and cognitive decline become clinically apparent, at which point substantial neurological damage has already occurred. Early and reliable diagnosis therefore, remains one of the most pressing challenges in dementia care. This study presents a...

Dr. K R Shylaja, Chaitra Shree K · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Sep 2026

An Explainable Multimodal Deep Learning Framework for Alzheimer's Disease Classification Using MRI, PET, and Clinical Data

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) often remains undetected until memory loss and cognitive decline become clinically apparent, at which point substantial neurological damage has already occurred. Early and reliable diagnosis therefore, remains one of the most pressing challenges in dementia care. This study presents a...

Dr. K R Shylaja, Chaitra Shree K · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Sep 2026

Conditional validity in LLM-mediated L2 assessment: an argument-based systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for scoring and feedback in second-language (L2) assessment, yet the validity of the resulting interpretations remains contested. This review evaluated when LLM-mediated assessment is psychometrically and educationally defensible using an argument-based va...

L. Alghamdi, T. Alghizzi · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Sep 2026

Who Reviews the Reviewer? A Multi‐Agent LLM Architecture With Meta‐Review Synthesis for Editorial Peer Review

Results show that model rankings depend on the evaluation protocol: claude‐haiku‐4.5 achieves the highest adjusted overall score in the human evaluation, whereas gpt‐5‐mini achieves the highest aggregate scores in the automated LLM‐as‐judge evaluation and the lowest estimated operational cost.

Șener Ali, S. Oprea, A. Bâra · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Sep 2026

Large language models for ophthalmic examination understanding: from information extraction to clinical decision support

Publicly available LLMs and MLLMs are evolving from report-parsing tools toward broader ophthalmic clinical assistants, but their use should follow a task-layered validation framework in which verification and human oversight increase with the clinical consequences of error.

Gang-Yi Wang, Xuan-Qiao Lin, Yi-Zhou Yang · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Valid but Not Always Runnable: An Open, Reproducible Benchmark of Large Language Models Drafting Gherkin Scenarios

This work benchmarks eight LLMs generating Gherkin from three requirement corpora, scoring validity, runner acceptance, judged coverage and quality, similarity to gold standard, stability, and cost, and releases the corpora, gold standard, and prototype.

Patrick Deininger, Wolfgang Slany · 0 citations

MTTZ: A Multithreading Framework for Parallel Processing in ARM TrustZone

As computing systems evolve toward large-scale multicore processors, achieving efficient parallel processing in trusted execution environments (TEEs), such as ARM TrustZone, has become a significant challenge. The current single-threaded model of TrustZone limits multicore parallel computing capabilities, and existing...

Jun Li, Xin-Man Luo, Xi Wang et al. · 0 citations

CALSI: Context-Aware Layer Skipping Inference for On-Device LLM Serving

The large language model (LLM) based on the Transformer architecture and its derived various applications have greatly changed people’s lives. Considering some concerns such as privacy and network conditions, deploying LLM on smart devices has gradually become a research focus. In order to reduce the huge computation a...

Pu-Han Luo, Mu Yuan, Ning-Kang Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Character-Level Visual Guidance for Arbitrarily Shaped Scene Text Detection and Recognition

Study of explicit character-level guidance for scene text detection and recognition indicates that character semantics for detection and local visual evidence for decoding are an effective way to improve robustness in difficult scene text.

Li-Jia Chen, Hu Lin, Dan Chen · 0 citations
#large language models Book Open access Sep 2026

Designing Growth Mindset-Inspired Feedback Messages Tailored to Learning Behaviors Using LLM and Persuasive Strategies

This work introduces a four-part feedback message structure inspired by the growth mindset principle, which encourages students to reflect, persist, and embrace challenges, and provides an initial foundation for explainable, rule-based feedback generation that can be extended through experimentation with learners.

M. Omar, Parham Moradi, Ogoti Sasha et al. · 0 citations

Employing General-Purpose and Biomedical Large Language Models with Advanced Prompt Engineering for Pharmacoepidemiologic Study Design

Off-the-shelf general-purpose general-purpose LLMs currently offered more reliable support for pharmacoepidemiologic study design than the smaller biomedical LLMs evaluated.

Xin-Yao Zhang, Nicole Sonne Heckmann, Manuela Del Castillo Suero et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Sep 2026

Exploring Climate-Related Anxiety Through Social Media Content

This study explores climate-related anxiety as expressed through social media discussions on Reddit. Using natural language processing techniques, we analyse large-scale textual data to identify recurring themes, emotional patterns, and how these evolve over time. Text data was preprocessed and analysed using BERTopic...

Karim Elsharkawy, Z. Rehman, Vikrant Kumar et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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