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natural language processing

9,261 papers

Why Do LLMs Struggle in Strategic Play? Broken Links Between Observations, Beliefs, and Actions

Analyzing LLMs'internal processes can expose systematic vulnerabilities that warrant caution before deploying LLMs in strategic domains without robust guardrails, showing how analyzing LLMs'internal processes can expose systematic vulnerabilities that warrant caution before deploying LLMs in strategic domains without r...

Jan Sobotka, M. Karabag, U. Topcu · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Lessons Without Borders? Evaluating Cultural Alignment of LLMs Using Multilingual Story Moral Generation

Stories are key to transmitting values across cultures, but their interpretation varies across linguistic and cultural contexts. Thus, we introduce multilingual story moral generation as a novel culturally grounded evaluation task. Using a new dataset of human-written story morals collected across 14 language-culture p...

Sophie Wu, Andrew Piper · 0 citations

How do LLMs Compute Verbal Confidence

It is demonstrated that verbal confidence reflects automatic, sophisticated self-evaluation -- not post-hoc reconstruction -- with implications for understanding metacognition in LLMs and improving calibration.

D. Kumaran, Arthur Conmy, Federico Barbero et al. · 21 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Review Feb 2026

MENASpeechBank: A Reference Voice Bank with Persona-Conditioned Multi-Turn Conversations for AudioLLMs

This work introduces MENASpeechBank, a reference speech bank comprising ~18K high-quality utterances from 124 speakers spanning multiple MENA countries, covering English, Modern Standard Arabic, and regional Arabic varieties, and develops a controllable data pipeline that constructs persona profiles enriched with WVS i...

Zien Sheikh Ali, Hunzalah Hassan Bhatti, R. N. Nandi et al. · 4 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2025

Auditing a KB Elicitation of Frontier LLM Knowledge: A Multi-dimensional Analysis of GPTKB v1.5

It is found that the models'factual knowledge differs quite significantly from established knowledge bases, and that its accuracy is significantly lower than indicated by previous benchmarks, shedding light on future research opportunities in neuro-symbolic AI concerning extraction, consolidation and verification of fa...

Shrestha Ghosh, Luca Giordano, Yujia Hu et al. · 2 citations

Understanding In-context Learning of Addition via Activation Subspaces

A novel method is introduced that localizes the model's few-shot learning ability to only a few attention heads through dimensionality reduction and decomposition of the heads'output spaces, and derives a mathematical identity relating the''aggregator''and''extractor''subspaces of attention heads, allowing us to track...

Xin-Yang Hu, Kayo Yin, Michael I Jordan et al. · 12 citations · ⚡2

MemeLens: Multilingual Multitask VLMs for Memes

It is suggested that robust meme understanding requires multimodal training, varies substantially across semantic categories, and remains sensitive to over-specialization when models are fine-tuned on individual datasets rather than trained in a unified setting.

Ali Ezzat Shahroor, Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi, A. Hasnat et al. · 5 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

DiaVLo: Diagnosing Behaviours of Vision-Language Models

DiaVLo is presented, a diagnostic framework that leverages human curation and VLMs'generation capabilities to construct specifications of desired and observed VLM behaviours, surfacing potential misalignments and providing causal estimates to identify the most influential concepts steering VLM behaviours.

Lorenzo Corti, Jie Yang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

NemotronLabs VoiceChat: An Open Full-duplex Speech-to-Speech Model with Tool Calling Capabilities

The results demonstrate that full-duplex interaction, speech recognition and generation, general language capabilities, and external tool use can be integrated in a single open speech-to-speech model without sacrificing real-time conversational behavior.

Jagadeesh Balam, Travis M. Bartley, Edresson Casanova et al. · 2 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Detecting Pretraining Data in Large Language Models from a Free-Energy Perspective

This work introduces an inclined boundary that evaluates prediction loss relative to predictive entropy, and shows that entropy correction can preserve the expected membership signal while reducing its variance, thereby improving standardized member--non-member separation.

Chen-Ye Ke, Zi-Rui Liu, Qi Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Do Personality-Tuned LLMs Make Better Social Agents?

This work investigates whether personality-aware fine-tuning can reduce the consistency and controllability of personality-conditioned dialogue generation compared with instruction prompting alone, and indicates that fine-tuned models are not better at role-playing different personalities than their respective baseline...

Tim Krabbe, Xiao-Dan Shi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

CIBuzzBench: A Benchmark for Cross-Lingual Understanding of Chinese Internet Buzzwords

The results show that LLMs continue to struggle with the cross-lingual understanding of Chinese internet buzzwords, particularly in fine-grained non-literal interpretation, robust equivalent matching under option perturbations, and calibrated harmfulness detection, which highlights the persistent challenges posed by cu...

Yi-Fan Wang, Jun-Yu Lu, Qi-Fan Wang et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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