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natural language processing

7,776 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

A model of rational interlocutors: Unification of comprehension and production

Who we communicate with influences both our interpretation of their utterances and the design of our own. Such adjustment to the conversational partner is studied as speaker modeling in comprehension and as audience design in production, with the two literatures having developed largely separately. We argue that both a...

Han-Lin Wu, Zhen-Guang G. Cai · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Generalization and Memorization along the Learning Trajectory of Neural Language Models: A Geometric Account of Categorization

This work finds that continuous regions of representation space not occupied by observed tokens become systematically structured from the earliest stages of learning, forming category-level geometric organization that supports generalization to unattested combinations.

Bo-Juan Wang, Holly E. Jenkins, E. Wonnacott · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

ScopeIF: Improving Scope-Aware Precise Instruction-Following in Large Language Models via Graded Reward Modeling

Precise instruction-following is a fundamental ability of large language models (LLMs), requiring their outputs to strictly satisfy objective constraints in input instructions. In complex application scenarios, these constraints often possess diverse scopes that govern specific response segments rather than the entire...

Bo-Si Wen, Yi-Lin Niu, Xiao-Ying Ning et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Using LMs to Model the Effects of Context and Coreference during Sentence Comprehension

This work systematically vary the context window size of GPT-2 across four large-scale naturalistic English reading-time datasets and observes a U-shaped relationship, demonstrating that tracking long-range coreference relations is one important factor for the alignment between LM surprisal and human reading behavior.

Kohei Kajikawa, Lin Ai, Tatsuki Kuribayashi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

mu-bench: A Multilingual Utterance Transcription Benchmark

Voice agents depend on accurate automatic speech recognition (ASR) to act on what callers say, yet ASR is evaluated on read, English-centric speech with word error rate (WER), which penalizes surface rather than semantic differences. We introduce mu-bench, a dataset of 4,270 caller utterances from 250 phone calls to an...

Andrea Li, Soham Ray · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Toward Embedding-Based Psychometrics: Structural Modeling of Assessment-Item Semantics With Contextual Scores

Contextual scores represent assessment items through their similarities to reference words in an external corpus. We examine the semantic structure of scores for 40 TIMSS mathematics scored units using a partially specified two-step factor procedure. A search across factor counts identifies a persistent seven-group str...

Jin-Song Chen, Shi-Ting Chen · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

IndicFDB: Benchmarking Full-Duplex Voice Agents across Indian Languages

This work addresses three challenges: finding conversational events in multilingual speech, evaluating their timing without reliable word-level alignment, and judging responses across languages with IndicFDB, which extends it to ten languages spoken in India with 12,350 samples.

Rajarshi Roy, Shobhit Banga, Jonathan Raiman et al. · 1 citation
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Agents Can Use Base Models to Evade AI Detection

Overall, this work demonstrates the effectiveness of a new class of adversarial attacks against AI text detection, and urges post-hoc detection providers to include outputs of base models in their training.

Bhuwan Dhingra, Danish Pruthi · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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