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natural language processing

7,776 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

PC-SubMax: Efficient Prompt Compression via Regularized Submodular Maximization

While large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in long-context scenarios, lengthy prompts can increase inference costs and latency and exacerbate the ``lost-in-the-middle''phenomenon. Selective prompt compression offers a model-agnostic approach to alleviating these issues. However, methods based on fixed...

Zi-Yi Zhang, Shuang Cui, Hao-Tian Zhang et al. · 1 citation
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

AdaTutoRank: Learning to Rerank Document Sets via Adaptive Tutoring Optimization for RAG and Deep Research

AdaTutoRank is proposed, a setwise reranker trained with Adaptive Tutoring Optimization under a three-level hierarchy of nine rubric dimensions, which supplies silver labels for the cold start, rewards for reinforcement learning, and hints for distillation.

Kai-Lin Jiang, Lei Liu, Jian-Fei Xi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Self-Reports Do Not Identify Self-Models: An Identifiability Test for Counterfactual Reports

Language-model self-reports are evidence about behavior in a prompt environment, not by themselves evidence of a self-model. We investigate counterfactual reports about affect-like states under activation interventions and ask whether the report remains bound to the named intervention when the demonstration environment...

Phongsakon Mark Konrad, T. Tanyel, Serkan Ayvaz · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

SinBrief: A Hybrid Framework for Abstractive Text Summarisation of Sinhala Legal Documents

Experimental results demonstrate that SinBrief produces summaries with lower lexical overlap than extractive baselines while maintaining factual consistency, demonstrating the viability of hybrid, largely annotation-free abstractive summarisation for low-resource legal NLP tasks.

Minduli Lasandi, Nevidu Jayatilleke · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

FA-Bench: A Benchmark for Word-Level and Phone-Level Forced-Alignment and ASR Timestamps Under Clean and Noisy Conditions

Forced alignment aligns speech audio with a text transcript to generate word and phone timestamps. Published comparisons normalize transcripts, split the data and match boundaries differently, so their numbers cannot be read together. We present FA-Bench, an open framework that fixes those choices once and releases the...

Wei Chu, Yuan-Zhe Dong, Ke Tan et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

PlurVA-LLM-2026 Shared Task Track-1: Pluralistic Value Alignment in LLMs via Multilingual Fine-Tuning and Threshold Calibration

This approach combines option-permutation augmentation for Chinese data, annotator vote expansion for Indonesian data, and binary reformulation with SinhalaMMLU augmentation with SinhalaMMLU augmentation for Sri Lankan data to focus on pluralistic value alignment in the contexts of China, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka.

Vihindi Kotalawala, Nevidu Jayatilleke · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

LANTERN: Illuminating Hidden Mathematical Knowledge in Language Models

Language models can now prove theorems, but people still decide which problems to pursue. We ask whether a model's internal representations can help identify promising mathematical connections. We develop LANTERN, a fast, cost-efficient pipeline that uses a classifier over pretrained-model activations to rank candidate...

Pavel Tikhonov, Elena Tutubalina, I. Oseledets et al. · 0 citations

Solving Every Step Is Not Enough: Milestone Oracles Reveal a Composition Gap in LLM Math Reasoning

Large language models (LLMs) can solve every intermediate step of a multi-step math problem on its own and still fail the full problem, even when given a roadmap of the steps and all of their answers. We introduce OracleLadder, a diagnostic evaluation that locates where LLM math reasoning fails by giving the model incr...

Zhuo-Han Wang, Hao-Ran Ma, Tian-Yu Wu et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

KinyaMed: Seeds, Not Rows -- What a Corpus Requirement Written in the Wrong Unit Fails to Constrain

Triage decides who is seen first. Building an urgency classifier for patient-voice Kinyarwanda, we found our specification could be met without producing anything it was meant to secure. We report that, and the instruments that detect it, instead of a classifier. Designed for the four languages a Rwandan health centre...

Marius Bayizere · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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