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natural language processing

7,776 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

MoRE: Scaling mixture of experts with hardware-aware low-rank routing

This work proves that rank logarithmic in $M$ suffices for routing expressivity when the number of active experts is fixed, and is necessary up to precision factors, and introduces MoRE (Mixture of Rank-reduced-routed Experts), which factorizes the router weight matrix at rank r and reduces the routing cost to $O((h +...

Honam Wong, Surbhi Goel, Enric Boix-Adserà · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

In-Context Learning Amplifies a Latent Symbolic Circuit

A three-stage symbolic reasoning circuit (abstraction, induction, retrieval) is traced across shot counts in three model families and finds it is detectable and functional well before the model achieves high accuracy.

Melissa Wessel · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Sep 2026

Population Fidelity: Evaluating Population Representativeness in LLMs

This work introduces Population Fidelity, an evaluation framework that distinguishes key conditions required for a set of LLM-generated responses to represent a population and organizes these features and provides reusable code, data, and trained models for evaluating population fidelity across substantive domains and...

Neemias B. da Silva, Martin Lukk, A. Sutani et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

CineSubBench: Evaluating LLMs on Long-Form Narrative and Cultural Understanding from Multilingual Movie Subtitles

Large language models are increasingly evaluated in specialized domains such as law, medicine, software engineering, and cybersecurity, yet film remains comparatively underexplored despite requiring long-form narrative integration, multilingual interpretation, and culturally situated audience judgments. We introduce Ci...

Mir Tafseer Nayeem, Susmoy Chakraborty, Davood Rafiei · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

SCOUT: Synergizing Reasoning and Tool-Use for Computer-Use Safety

A preliminary extension to coding tasks shows that SCOUT can support safety verification beyond computer-use, andlations and analysis show that tool-free rubric generation in SCOUT elicits substantially more reasoning and is crucial for safety detection across verifier backbones, especially non-frontier ones.

Jian-Xing Chen, Xiao Yu, Shipra Agrawal et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Targeting Pivotal Decisions for Credit Assignment in Agentic Reinforcement Learning

ProVer, a framework that targets potentially pivotal decisions for fine-grained credit assignment in agentic reinforcement learning, is introduced, highlighting the effectiveness and efficiency of selectively targeting pivotal decisions for fine-grained credit assignment in agentic reinforcement learning.

Dongwon Jung, H. Ramesh, Yi-Fan Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Language Models Are"Insecure"Reporters

The results suggest that LLMs tend to present narratives of success by default, and that steering models toward honesty makes their reports substantially more transparent.

Jenny Y. Huang, Jia-Meng Fan, Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

PADM\'E: Preference Alignment Data Synthesis for Meta-Evaluation of LM Agent Evaluators

Language models are frequently employed to evaluate other language models. An LM evaluator scoring agentic behaviors across multiple criteria is valuable, provided that its decisions align with human judgment. We call the problem of evaluating this alignment Meta-Evaluation. Tackling it directly is difficult: collectin...

Cheng Chang, Yining Mao, Peng Qi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Causal and Interpretable Structures in LLM Compositional Tasks

This work studies activations from ensembles of prompts that require inferring relationships between three tokens corresponding to a cyclic concept to correctly predict the next token and finds a consistent layerwise progression in how the joint dependence among the tokens is geometrically organized and causally used.

Gurbir Arora, To-Ni J. B. Liu, Jiajun Bao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

CruxBench: A Benchmark of Information Discovery

CruxBench is introduced, a benchmark that grades LLM-generated questions by their Value of Information (VOI): how much a model-proposed crux updates beliefs about a target forecasting question and finds that VOI correlates highly with independent measures of model capability and captures cruxes'usefulness for answering...

Hui Dai, Li-Na Piao, Nick Merrill et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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