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natural language processing

7,776 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

A Proposed Rubric for Evaluating Expressed Clinical Reasoning in Large Language Model Responses

We propose a rubric for assessing expressed clinical reasoning in model responses, drawing on three bodies of work: medical education assessment frameworks (ART, SCT, Key Feature Problems and OSCE); clinical LLM benchmarks (MedR-Bench, HealthBench, TIMER-Bench, DR. BENCH, PrIME-LLM and PatientSafeBench); and general LL...

Zhang Jiang, Zina Ibrahim, J. Teo · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

When Models Don't Manipulate Manifolds: The Geometry of a Comparison Task

This work characterize precisely the geometry of computation in a number-comparison task, as an abstraction of comparison for decision making, and how models utilize geometry in an elegant fashion to implement it, demonstrating that the manifold hypothesis can co-exist with linear representations.

Sai Sumedh R. Hindupur, Hadas Orgad, Thomas Fel et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Evaluating and Benchmarking the System One Model Jev

Jev answers MMLU's calculation-heavy questions more accurately than other MMLU questions (94% vs. 91%), whereas both open models, and all three on C-Eval, find them harder.

Tobias Deußer, L. Sparrenberg, R. Sifa · 9 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Correct, Don't Delete: Mitigating Emergent Misalignment with Corrective Supervision

It is found that a short round of training on corrections beats the same amount of training on generic chat data, that corrections on other medical prompts do roughly as well as corrections of the poisoned prompts themselves, and that instructing the correction writer to model a careful, harm-avoiding assistant adds no...

Jacob Epifano · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Hierarchical Compression of Vision-Language Model Benchmarks

The analyses show how VLM evaluation behaves as model panels grow and evolve, providing guidance for designing future benchmarks that are more efficient, robust to model turnover, and explicit about the limits of evaluation-side pruning.

Hyunjong Ok, Seung-Gu Kang, Jaeho Lee · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Evaluating Bounded Autonomy in Regulated Agentic AI: A Diagnostic Harness with Constitutional Rewards, Escalation Labels, and Runtime Governance

We propose RegLLM, a diagnostic harness for bounded autonomy in regulated agentic workflows. It instruments six trustworthiness signals: citation validity, source grounding, schema compliance, escalation correctness, constitutional alignment, and unsafe-action rate. Signals are distinguished by their source of supervis...

Dipankar Sarkar · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Risk-Controlled Selective LLM Answering by Pricing Label-Free Checks

PriceCheck is introduced, which builds a compact family of decision rules from label-free checks such as re-solving a problem, and shows that choosing how checks are combined and stopped matters alongside how well a verifier ranks answers.

D. Lee, Jungseob Lee, Chanjun Park et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Regime Boundary Alignment for Evidence-Gated Question Answering

Retrieval-augmented language models are expected to answer from the retrieved evidence, but in practice they often keep answering when that evidence is missing. We trace this behavior to the training signal: answer-focused fine-tuning assigns no target to unsupported contexts, so it cannot distinguish a reader that abs...

Zeyan Li, Qi-Rong Guo, Si-Yuan Qiu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Learning to Retrieve Missing Evidence for Long-Term Memory QA

This work introduces MERA (Missing-Evidence Retrieval Augmentation), which separates globally searchable memory from a question-specific evidence state, and trains a lightweight planner through reinforcement learning, rewarding queries that recover previously missing evidence.

Yi-Xuan Deng, Yi Zhang, Wei Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Port-Hamiltonian Latent Deliberation: Mitigating the Deliberation Drift Cliff in Test-Time Compute Scaling

Test-time compute scaling has emerged as a cornerstone of advanced machine reasoning, yet performing iterative deliberation directly within continuous latent representation spaces reveals a catastrophic pathology: the Deliberation Drift Cliff. While unconstrained recurrent latent models achieve initial reasoning gains...

Ze-Yu Jia · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 24, 2026

Estimating suicide risk from text

A new language-processing tool could help identify the highest-risk individuals from natural language, enabling swifter interventions.

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