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12,041 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Backdooring Acoustic Foundation Models for Physically Realizable Triggers

Acoustic foundation models (AFMs) have democratized acoustic applications, enabling powerful models for tasks ranging from speech recognition to speaker verification with minimal resources. However, the security of applications based on AFMs remains largely underexplored. Our work addresses this gap by proposing the Fo...

Zebin Yun, Eyal Ronen, Mahmood Sharif · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Reproducible LLM Inference Benchmarking: A Sequential Isolation Protocol for Regression Testing

Reproducible benchmarking of Large Language Model (LLM) inference is challenging because repeated measurements can vary with execution and system state. We present the Sequential Isolation Methodology, a controlled benchmarking and regression-testing protocol designed to reduce between-run measurement variance while de...

Arnold Olympio, Juan Manuel Servera Bondroit, Wael Abdelmalek et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Strength-Monotonic Law for Domain Alignment in Frozen-Embedding Bioacoustic Classification

When does distribution alignment help a frozen foundation-model embedding generalize across acoustic domains? For cross-domain mosquito-species classification we report a strength-monotonic law: the stronger an encoder is on the target task, the more its unseen-domain generalization relies on a distribution-alignment (...

Yucheng Gong, Rui Zhou, Binbin Zeng et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Unbounded Characteristic and Universal Kernels

Kernel methods are among the most powerful tools in machine learning and statistics, with a large number of successful applications. Their immense success stems from the flexible function class associated to each kernel---its reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS)---which facilitates statistical analysis, as well as f...

Jose Cribeiro-Ramallo, Florian Kalinke, Zolt\'an Szab\'o · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Pareto-optimal quantum kernel selection for unsupervised anomaly detection on real malware beaconing data

Quantum kernel methods are leading candidates for a practical quantum advantage in machine learning, but assessing that potential requires two quantities usually reported separately: how well a kernel performs on the task, and how far its geometry departs from the classical kernels available for the same problem. We in...

Boaz Micah, Nadia Milazzo, Maissa Beji et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Boundary-aware Reinforcement Learning for Hypercube State Spaces via Deterministic Policy Gradient

We develop a continuous-time deterministic policy gradient framework for reinforcement learning with reflected state dynamics, where the state process is governed by a controlled reflected stochastic differential equation on a hypercube. Under suitable regularity assumptions, we establish the connection between the val...

Lijun Bo, Yijie Huang, Chenhao Lu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding and Mitigating Token-Pruning-Induced Vulnerabilities in VLMs

Token-Pruning accelerates Vision-Language Models by removing redundant visual tokens, yet its safety implications remain underexplored. In this work, we present the first comprehensive safety evaluation of Token-Pruning mechanisms and find that: most pruning strategies significantly degrade safety as pruning ratios inc...

Shuailong Wang, Xinyu Lyu, Shengming Yuan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Optimal Regret for Online Market Making with Limit Order Book

We study online learning in market making, where, at each round, a market maker posts bid and ask prices before observing the market price and the private valuation of an incoming trader. In this setting, Maran et al. 2026 introduce a feedback model motivated by limit order books, in which the trader's valuation is rev...

Maria Elena Vischi, Francesco Emanuele Stradi, Alberto Marchesi · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

NAViLoss: An Underwater Navigation-Aware Dual-Residual Objective for Physics-Consistent Learning

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) commonly rely on inertial navigation systems (INS) aided by Doppler velocity logs (DVLs) for reliable underwater navigation. Accurate DVL velocity estimation is therefore essential for successful operation. Recent learning-based methods have demonstrated improved DVL velocity estim...

Arup Kumar Sahoo, Itzik Klein · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Silhouette Operator: Identifiability of Low-Rank Measures from One-Dimensional Projections

Structured recovery phenomena, such as restricted isometry properties in compressed sensing, have shown that high-dimensional objects can often be reconstructed from remarkably low-dimensional linear measurements. This work develops an analogous recovery framework for low-rank signed measures on $\mathbb{R}^2$, defined...

Robert A. Vandermeulen · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Multi-Source Ultrasound Benchmark Revealing the Limits of Contemporary Self-Supervised Anomaly Detection Methods

Self-supervised anomaly detection is a promising paradigm for medical ultrasound, as normal images are often easier to obtain than exhaustive annotations of all possible pathologies. However, most existing evaluations are limited to a single anatomy or task, making it unclear whether models learn a robust notion of nor...

Marco Riedenauer, Daniel Kienzle, Pratik Mayekar et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Q-PhotoMarket: A Design Space Exploration Framework for Photonic Hybrid Quantum Neural Networks in Financial Market Prediction

Photonic quantum computing has recently emerged as a promising platform for hybrid quantum machine learning due to its native realization of linear-optical circuits and the computational complexity of boson sampling. However, despite growing interest in quantum methods for finance, the influence of photonic circuit des...

Alberto Marchisio, Hanzalah Mohamed Siraj, Muhammad Kashif et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 7, 2026

Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses

Training AI agents with reinforcement learning can be challenging because their tools, context, and decision-making are managed by complex frameworks. Agent Lightning connects existing agents to RL training, making it easier to improve them without rebuilding them. The post Agent Lightning v1.0: A 3,500-Line Lightweight Agentic RL Framework for Training Agents with Real Harnesses appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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