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14,746 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

MolP2SBench: Do LLMs Really Reason from Molecular Properties to Structure?

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in molecular discovery and structure elucidation, where decisions depend on physical observations. Existing evaluations primarily focus on end-to-end molecular reconstruction, where correct predictions do not necessarily indicate reliance on the supplied properties. We...

Yu-Han Xie, Zhiyi Shi, Ze-Yi Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Looking Under the Streetlight: Evaluation in Generative Molecular Dynamics

This position paper argues that the generative molecular dynamics (GenMD) community is not properly evaluating its progress: current evaluations let a model match what is reported while being arbitrarily wrong on what was claimed, which risks over-claiming advantage over classical baselines. This reflects a structural...

Simon Olsson, Frank No\'e, Grant M. Rotskoff et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CORAL-KV: Compact Cross-Layer Prediction and Residual Coding for Autoregressive Video KV Caches

Autoregressive video diffusion models maintain a growing attention key-value (KV) cache, making memory a key bottleneck for long video generation. Recently, clustering-based quantization has emerged as an effective method to compress video KV caches by grouping similar key and value vectors then quantizing residual err...

Albert Ge, Akash Haridas, Utkarsh Saxena et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

EarLog: Opportunistic Ear Physiology Sensing toward Personalized Hearing Risk Awareness

Many headphone users risk irreversible hearing damage during high-load listening, yet current protection still relies on sound-pressure limits. Clinical tests detect damage after it becomes measurable, leaving the risk-accumulating process unobserved. The acoustic reflex (AR), an involuntary response to high acoustic l...

Yongzhi Huang, Jiayi Zhao, Kaishun Wu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Acoustic Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease Detection from Spontaneous Speech

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a major public health challenge, and early identification is crucial for timely intervention and care planning. Recent work has shown that speech-based digital biomarkers can capture subtle changes in vocal production, prosody, and timing that often precede or accompany cognitive declin...

A. L. Trần, A. Restar, B. Kindo · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

TTS-Q: Perception-Guided Post-Training Quantization of Text-to-Speech Diffusion Transformers

Zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) can clone a voice from seconds of audio. Yet the quality comes from billion-parameter diffusion transformers whose size and multi-step sampling put them out of reach of the on-device, assistive, and real-time applications that need them most. Post-training quantization (PTQ) shrinks such...

Xiaoqin Feng, Yuqi Li, Weilun Feng et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neuromorphic Satellite Intelligence: A Formal Framework for Event-Driven Architectures, Spike-Based Algorithms, and Quantitative Energy-Accuracy Trade-offs

Satellite onboard computing faces an irreducible tension: mission intelligence requirements grow monotonically while power, mass, and radiation budgets remain fixed. This paper advances the state of the art on three fronts. First, we develop a formal mathematical model of spiking neural computation for satellite worklo...

Suresh Kumar TP, Vikas Agnihotri · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A Sampling Complexity-aware Framework for Discrete-time Fractional-Order Dynamical System Identification

A variety of complex biological, natural and man-made systems exhibit non-Markovian dynamics that can be modeled through fractional order differential equations, yet, we lack sample comlexity aware system identification strategies. Towards this end, we propose an affine discrete-time fractional order dynamical system (...

Xiaole Zhang, Vijay Gupta, Paul Bogdan · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AI Models Can Provably Hide Arbitrary Capabilities

Capability evaluations aim to surface dangerous model behaviors before deployment, but their reliability depends on the assumption that hidden capabilities can be elicited. We show this assumption does not hold under adversarial conditions by constructing backdoor attacks that embed encrypted neural networks within hos...

Andis Draguns, Sumeet Ramesh Motwani, Raymond Douglas et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

KL Before and After Mixing: A Round-Complexity Separation in Parallel Sampling

A parallel sampler can choose at random which coordinates to generate together. For a target $p$ and the output law $q_U$ of a schedule $U$ drawn afresh for each output, we compare the schedule-averaged divergence $\mathbb{E}_U D_{\mathrm{KL}}(p\|q_U)$ with the output-law divergence $D_{\mathrm{KL}}(p\|\mathbb{E}_U q_U...

Tianyi Wu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Designing Protein Structures from Natural Language

A central challenge in de novo protein design is generating proteins with desired structural and functional properties. Existing design models typically require a dedicated input representation for each property, limiting the design objectives they support. We develop Prompteina, the first all-atom structure generation...

Joseph Lee, Yan-Jing Li, Bo Qiang et al. · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Prediction Is Not a Sufficient Memory State

A memory that reproduces every current prediction may still have forgotten how to learn from the next observation. We characterize this distinction for exact cumulative learning and attention. For smooth convex residual losses with unrestricted real features and labels, a continuous recurrent state of fixed dimension e...

Robert Jenkinson Alvarez · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

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