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machine learning

14,353 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CESNET-TimeSeries26: A Multi-Year Network Traffic Time Series Dataset for Annual Seasonality, Concept Drift, and Long-Term Anomaly Detection

Forecast-based models are fundamental to network traffic management and anomaly detection. However, it is essential to evaluate these forecasting models over extended periods of time in order to assess their adaptability to unexpected phenomena and shifts in underlying patterns. This kind of long-term evaluation requir...

Josef Koumar, Karel Hynek, Kamil Jerabek et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Shaping Latent Mixture-of-Experts: From Expert Geometry to Layerwise Capacity Allocation

Fine-grained mixture-of-experts (MoE) models commonly increase expert count by narrowing each expert, treating expert shape as a by-product of routing granularity. LatentMoE moves expert computation into a lower-dimensional space, exposing the input dimension and intermediate width of each expert as explicit design cho...

Yaoxiang Wang, Kai Zhang, Ruobing Xie et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Decoupling Knowledge Forgetting and Refusal Learning in MLLM Unlearning

Current evaluations of multimodal unlearning typically focus on whether a model stops outputting target information. This surface-level criterion, however, masks two critical failure modes. First, knowledge suppression techniques often induce confabulation, leading the model to hallucinate facts about the unlearned sub...

Haodong Chen, Shengtao Wen, Dong Liang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

CB-Agent: Concept-Based In-Context Learning for Sequential Action Selection

In-context learning (ICL) allows large language models to use demonstrations without updating their parameters. For interactive agents, demonstrations are trajectories of reasoning, actions, and observations that illustrate how to complete a task. Reusing demonstrations in new situations is challenging: directly inputt...

Qingyue Zhang, Huaze Tang, Minyu Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

ConicFlow: constrained Inference-time optimal control for flow matching models

We propose ConicFlow, which frames constrained sampling from a flow matching model at inference time as an optimal control problem that balances deviation from the pretrained trajectory against reward, subject to hard terminal constraints. We discretize this problem and adapt receding-horizon control, optimizing only a...

Shervin Khalafi, Kasra Fallah, Sung Cho et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Echo: Error-Compensated 4-Bit Tensor-Parallel Communication for LLM Training and Inference

Tensor parallelism ends every layer with an all-reduce that sits between two dependent matrix multiplications, so its cost cannot be hidden and grows as compute outpaces interconnect bandwidth. Sending 4-bit instead of 16-bit values would cut this cost by nearly 4x, but the all-reduce must add the values it carries, an...

Xingyu Xie, Xiaoyong Xie, Zhouchen Lin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Harness^2: Recursive Agent Harnessing for an Open World

LLM agents' capabilities depend not only on their underlying models but also on their execution harnesses. Recursive self-improvement (RSI) offers a promising approach to automatically evolve these harnesses. However, deploying RSI in open-world settings still faces two critical challenges. First, open-world tasks are...

Ruiyao Xu, Yanfei Chen, Zhongying CuiZhu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Visualizing the World Model in an Agent's Value Function

Could model-free reinforcement learning algorithms actually be learning a model of the environment? In this work, we apply counterfactual interventions which hold everything about a state fixed, besides a targeted change, to explore if the value function of a Proximal Policy Optimization agent forms a world model of th...

Shawheen Naderi, Fatemeh Akherati, Yubei Chen · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Artificiality's First Exam: An LLM-Referenced C-test for Supraintelligence

Under the accelerated pace of AI development, any benchmark whose difficulty is calibrated with humans or current AI systems becomes circular, or saturates soon. How can we then evaluate machines that may become more capable than the current machines and the people who write the tests? One answer to the question hinges...

Jose Hernandez-Orallo · 0 citations
#machine learning Open access Oct 2026

The Geography of Algorithmic Judgment: LLM Intermediaries, Place Identity, and Racial Steering in Housing Search

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly assuming an intermediary role in housing search through the integration of listing platforms within conversational interfaces, mediating access to information, search, and recommendations within urban settings. We expand on prior work on racial steering in LLMs by conducting a b...

Hana Samad, Trung Lam, Christoph Mügge-Durum et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Particle-based Generalised Stochastic Optimisation

We develop a class of general diffusion-based stochastic particle optimisation methods for loss functions with intractable gradients. Specifically, we consider problems in which the loss gradient is an integral with respect to a parameter-dependent distribution, a structure that includes training generative models, fin...

Jiechen Jackie Zhang, O. Deniz Akyildiz · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

H-OPD: Confidence Aware Heterogeneous Multi-Teacher Multimodal On-policy Distillation

On-policy distillation (OPD) has recently emerged as an effective post-training paradigm by providing supervision on student-generated trajectories. However, existing OPD methods for multimodal reasoning usually rely on a static teacher routing, assigning each sample to a single teacher based on modality or task type....

Qixiang Yin, Huanjin Yao, Yuchen Cai et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 12, 2026

Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring

StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics. The post Simulating student learning for better AI tutoring appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 7, 2026

Discovering the value of humanistic inquiry

Students in MIT’s Concourse program delve deeply into the human condition, debate challenging questions, and learn to develop judgment about issues that can’t be quantified.

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