diffusion models

Deterministic Topological Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Discrete Dynamical Basins

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems navigate a fundamental trade-off between the computational simplicity of flat vector indices and the structural richness of graph representations. Standard dense retrieval collapses document discourse into isolated embeddings, causing semantic fragmentation and context loss....

DeepFake-BMA: Photorealistic AI-Generated Faces for Binary Detection and Multiclass Attribution

This dataset contains photorealistic, high-resolution AI-generated facial portraits created by the authors to support research in synthetic media forensics, deepfake detection, and generative source attribution. Existing synthetic face benchmarks focus heavily on legacy Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or early l...

Rational AI Dependence Through Capability Augmentation: A Reference-Dependent Model Without Requiring Skill Degradation

Generative AI can augment human productivity and cognitive capability. Existing discussions of AI dependence have addressed cognitive offloading, overreliance, skill degradation, delegation of cognitive agency, and the social diffusion of AI use. This paper proposes a complementary pathway: rational AI dependence throu...

EWF 2.0: exact sampling of allele trajectories using the Wright–Fisher diffusion with time-varying demography

Abstract Background Accurate modelling of allele frequency trajectories requires incorporation of both genetic mechanisms such as selection and mutation, as well as realistic population demography. Accounting for a non-constant demography within a Wright–Fisher diffusion framework induces a time-inhomogenous drift coef...

Representation learning in diffusion and flow-based model: an application aspect

This work systematically categorizes representative methods across a wide range of downstream tasks, including image classification, dense visual prediction, instance-level perception, and annotation-scarce scenarios, and proposes a three-tier progressive framework that organizes existing works from three perspectives.

Comment on egusphere-2026-4368

Abstract. We propose a reduced axisymmetric tornado model in which the vertical transport of momentum is nonlocal, governed by a fractional derivative whose order is not a free parameter but is fixed by the observed coherent substructure of the vortex through the hierarchical cascade relation α = 2−2/(N+1). Building on...

An improved view of cosmic-ray transport and the galactic outflow in NGC 253

The nearly edge-on starburst galaxy NGC 253 has been observed to exhibit extended halo emission in multiple bands, making it an ideal laboratory for studying the transfer of matter from the disk to the halo. We aim to determine how the cosmic-ray electrons (CREs) flow from the disk to the halo and understand what drive...

Self-organized vegetation patterns promote persistence of plant–pollinator mutualisms under environmental stress

Mutualisms are key for structuring ecological communities, but they are sensitive to environmental change and fluctuations in population size. Consequently, how mutualisms achieve stability remains an open question in ecological theory. Motivated by previous results in competitive and predator–prey interactions, and by...

Traveling waves and their spectral instability in a reaction-diffusion-chemotaxis model with volume-filling effect

Multiplexed Nanosensors for Real-Time Monitoring of VOC-Mediated Signalling Response in Plants.

This study captures in real time, the VOC-induced rapid signalling in receiver plants and its ensuing effect on growth, an important advance in deciphering how emitter-specific volatile cues are integrated into plant responses, guiding rational selection of beneficial companion plants for improved yield and nutritional...

SIGNAL-Nano: a sequentially gated red light-activable silicon-rhodamine nanoplatform for mitochondria-targeted theranostics.

A sequentially gated theranostic nanoplatform based on a silicon-rhodamine (Si-Rhod) photocage that integrates endogenous reactive oxygen species sensitivity with externally applied red light activation to achieve spatiotemporally programmable chemotherapy is reported.

Overlimiting Ion Transport and Reaction Limitations in Charged Porous Media

Electrochemical reaction rates are controlled by both interfacial charge-transfer kinetics and reactive-ion transport. In charged porous media, fixed charges enrich reactive counterions near pore walls, enabling transport beyond the classical diffusion limit via surface conduction (SC). Under overlimiting conditions, c...