diffusion models

Diving deep into uterine layers: ADC and IVIM at 0.55-T MRI

Abstract Objective To investigate and analyze the microstructure of uterine layers and to evaluate the feasibility and physiological variability of uterine diffusion metrics at 0.55-T MRI in healthy volunteers and participants with adenomyosis. Materials and methods In this prospective study, 106 women, including healt...

Reply on CEC1

Abstract. Reconstructing complete, high-resolution daily meteorological fields over multidecadal periods from station observations is severely underdetermined: stations are sparse, unevenly distributed, and temporally inconsistent, especially over complex terrain. Because this ill-posedness requires prior assumptions,...

Mechanistic analysis of silver leaching from c-Si solar cells using an acetamide-based deep eutectic solvent

An efficient medium for silver (Ag) recovery from end-of-life crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells should combine strong Ag reactivity with limited co-extraction of non-target metals and good reusability. In this study, an acetamide-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride (ChCl) and acetamide (...

Dentinal tubule penetration of nanoparticle-incorporated calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament: a systematic review

Calcium hydroxide is widely used as an intracanal medicament due to its antimicrobial properties and its ability to neutralize bacterial by-products. However, its clinical efficacy may be compromised by poor penetration into dentinal tubules, especially in deeper dentin. Nanoparticle-incorporated calcium hydroxide has...

Building National Analytics Capacity: Advances and Future Pathways

The capacity of nations to collect, govern, analyse and act upon data has become a defining determinant of public value, competitiveness and resilience. This paper synthesises the state of the art in national analytics capacity, the interlocking set of infrastructures, human capital, institutional and governance arr...

Performance evaluation of an IoT-integrated solar dryer with perforated tray and baffled channel for sustainable cluster fig processing

Modeling thermal cross-talk and cooling kinetics in clustered melanosomes after nanosecond laser heating

Abstract Selective photothermal confinement is commonly evaluated using the thermal relaxation time (TRT) of individual absorbers, but ultrastructural studies have shown that epidermal melanosomes are organized in clustered arrangements that may alter post-pulse cooling. Here, we modeled thermal cross-talk and cooling...

Coupling cell growth to protein secretion enables pooled screening at single-cell resolution in bioreactors

Preserving the genotype-phenotype linkage is critical in high-throughput screens exploring large parameter spaces. Screening pooled libraries for recombinant protein secretion is therefore particularly difficult, since protein diffusion into the medium disrupts this linkage. Existing methods impose significant restrict...

Astrocytic Resource Diffusion Stabilizes Persistent Activity in Neural Fields

Abstract. Persistent neural activity underlying working memory requires sustained synaptic transmission, yet the metabolic and neurotransmitter support provided by astrocyte networks is largely absent from spatially extended neural circuit models. We introduce a coupled astrocyte–neural field model in which synaptic ef...

Physics-guided diffusion models for inverse design of disordered metamaterials

Disordered metamaterials are promising for programming physical properties, yet their inverse design remains challenging due to the non-intuitive structure-property relationships. Recent generative approaches, particularly diffusion models, have shown potential in high-dimensional inverse design tasks. However, existin...

Prompt-to-fabrication: a proposed multimodal process for the automated fabrication of facade elements

A prompt-to-fabricate workflow that couples text-to-image diffusion, AI-based 2D-to-3D mesh generation, and algorithmic geometry processing in Rhino/Grasshopper to convert visual intent into fabrication-ready panel geometry is proposed.

White and gray matter diffusion-derived differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a free-water-corrected diffusion MRI study

T2DM-related diffusion abnormalities persisted after free-water correction, whereas no skeleton-wide between-group difference in the estimated FW was detected, and integrating FWE with complementary spatial analyses of WM and cortical GM may help characterize diffusion-derived brain phenotypes and their clinical correl...