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data science

2,430 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Value of Information in Resource-Constrained Pricing

Firms that price perishable resources -- airline seats, hotel rooms, seasonal inventory -- now routinely use demand predictions, but these predictions vary widely in quality. Under hard capacity constraints, acting on an inaccurate prediction can irreversibly deplete inventory needed for future periods. We study how pr...

Ruicheng Ao, Jiashuo Jiang, David Simchi-Levi · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding Gap-Dependent Regret for Optimism-Based Reinforcement Learning with Linear Function Approximation

We study gap-dependent regret for reinforcement learning with linear function approximation. While prior works have established gap-dependent guarantees in this setting, existing analyses do not apply to algorithms that achieve the nearly minimax-optimal worst-case regret bound $\tilde{O}(d\sqrt{H^3K})$, where $d$ is t...

Haochen Zhang, Zhong Zheng, Lingzhou Xue · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Towards causal effect estimation with learned instrument representations

Instrumental variable (IV) methods mitigate bias from unobserved confounding in observational causal inference but rely on the availability of a valid instrument, which can often be difficult or infeasible to identify in practice. In this paper, we propose a representation learning approach that constructs instrumental...

Frances Dean, Jenna Fields, Radhika Bhalerao et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Improving Forecasts of Suicide Attempts for Patients with Little Data

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) studies provide real-time data on suicidal thoughts and behaviors, but forecasting suicide attempts remains challenging: attempts are rare, and the pathways patients take to them are heterogeneous. Here, we investigate a cohort of patients from an EMA study with recorded suicide-re...

Genesis Hang, Annie Chen, Hope Neveux et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Multi-Marginal Schr\"odinger Bridge Matching

Understanding the continuous evolution of populations from discrete temporal snapshots is a critical research challenge, particularly in fields like developmental biology and systems medicine where longitudinal tracking of individual entities is often impossible. Such trajectory inference is vital for unraveling the me...

Byoungwoo Park, Juho Lee · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Uniform-in-time convergence bounds for Persistent Contrastive Divergence algorithms

We propose a continuous-time formulation of a noisy persistent contrastive divergence (PCD)-like method for maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of unnormalised densities. Our approach couples parameter updates and sampling of the parametrised density in a multiscale system of stochastic differential equations (SDEs)....

Paul Felix Valsecchi Oliva, O. Deniz Akyildiz, Andrew Duncan · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Deep Fair Learning: Task-Aware Fair Representations via Joint Distance-Covariance Regularization

Ensuring fairness is essential as machine learning increasingly informs consequential decisions. However, many fairness-aware methods focus on the outputs of individual predictors, without directly controlling sensitive information retained in the underlying representations. We propose Deep Fair Learning (DFL), which c...

Enze Shi, Yiqun Xiao, Linglong Kong et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Linear Bandits beyond Inner Product Spaces, the case of Bandit Optimal Transport

Linear bandits have long been a central topic in online learning, with applications ranging from recommendation systems to adaptive clinical trials. Their general learnability has been established when the objective is to minimise the inner product between a cost parameter and the decision variable. While this is highl...

Lorenzo Croissant (CREST, FAIRPLAY, ENSAE Paris) · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Convergence of Statistical Estimators via Mutual Information Bounds

Recent advances in statistical learning theory have revealed profound connections between mutual information (MI) bounds, PAC-Bayesian theory, and Bayesian nonparametrics. This work introduces a mutual information bound for statistical models, and derives from it convergence rates for fractional posteriors, for their...

El Mahdi Khribch, Pierre Alquier · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Understanding over-squashing and bottlenecks on graphs via curvature

Most graph neural networks (GNNs) use the message passing paradigm, in which node features are propagated on the input graph. Recent works pointed to the distortion of information flowing from distant nodes as a factor limiting the efficiency of message passing for tasks relying on long-distance interactions. This phen...

Jake Topping, Francesco Di Giovanni, Benjamin Paul Chamberlain et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Textual Echo Cancellation

In this paper, we propose Textual Echo Cancellation (TEC) - a framework for cancelling the text-to-speech (TTS) playback echo from overlapping speech recordings. Such a system can largely improve speech recognition performance and user experience for intelligent devices such as smart speakers, as the user can talk to t...

Shaojin Ding, Ye Jia, Ke Hu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Personal VAD: Speaker-Conditioned Voice Activity Detection

In this paper, we propose "personal VAD", a system to detect the voice activity of a target speaker at the frame level. This system is useful for gating the inputs to a streaming on-device speech recognition system, such that it only triggers for the target user, which helps reduce the computational cost and battery co...

Shaojin Ding, Quan Wang, Shuo-yiin Chang et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 6, 2026

What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us

Jennifer Neville did not want to go into computer science—but that’s exactly where she landed. Neville discusses the starts and stops that led to her professional sweet spot and her work identifying “surprising failures” making it hard for AI to handle complexity.  The post What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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