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data science

2,619 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Speculative Evaluation of Stochastic LLMs

Real-generation experiments that account for the pilot synchronization barrier show that HBN-async mitigates its overhead, helping translate statistical efficiency into practical evaluation benefits, and outperforming hindsight-tuned empirical and independent Bayesian baselines.

Qian-Li Shen, Xiang Li, Ruo-Meng Ding et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Certified Task-Conditioned Active Observability

It is proved that task-predictive equivalence induces the unique minimal sufficient quotient $\mathcal{H}/\!\sim_\tau$, leaving active observability complexity strictly invariant while eliminating superfluous distinctions.

Lin-Zhe Zhang, Chang-Ming Xu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

When Does Action Credit Need Updating?

Overall, the results show that agents do not need to recompute action credit after every policy update: much of the historical evidence can be reused or cheaply corrected, reducing the additional interaction required to keep action decisions up to date.

Hong-Ye Yang, Bo-Xiao Huang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Back to the Definition: Estimating Step-Level Advantages via Trajectory Graphs for Agentic Reinforcement Learning

A Graph-based Faithful sTep-level credit-assignment framework (GRAFT) that grafts all rollout trajectories into a trajectory graph, recovering node state-values via Bellman iteration on the graph, and assigning credit to each edge by the node value difference is proposed.

Xin-Cheng Yao, Haobo Fu, Wei-Ming Liu et al. · 0 citations
#data science Open access Sep 2026

What a Crossref record shows when a paper is retracted: one month of retraction deposits (v2)

**A field-level audit of one month of retraction deposits (v2)** Author: Trafalgar Law (independent). Data pulled from the public Crossref REST API on 2026-09-23. Sample and reproduction query included. This is a metadata audit, not an accusation against any publisher or author. ## Why On 2026-09-19 the record for a fi...

Trafalgar Law · 0 citations

Simultaneous Latent Budget Trees for Stratified Classification

Simultaneous Latent Budget Trees, a probabilistic machine learning framework for classification trees in the presence of a stratification factor such as a temporal, spatial, or demographic variable, acting as a control variable or potential confounder, is introduced.

Cristian Buoncompagni, Stefano Pellegrino, Giulia Vannucci et al. · 0 citations

The Truncation Blind Spot: How Decoding Strategies Systematically Exclude Human-Like Token Choices

Probability-floor samplers substantially narrow the blind spot, demonstrating that the choice of truncation criterion matters for retaining human-used tokens and motivate decoding methods that preserve contextually appropriate low-probability choices while maintaining generation quality.

E. Arias, Nurzhan Sapargali, Christian Heumann et al. · 2 citations

Regular Fourier Features for Nonstationary Gaussian Processes

This work discretizes the spectral representation directly, preserving the correlation structure among spectral weights without requiring probability assumptions, and yields an efficient low-rank approximation that is positive semi-definite by construction and consistent under mild regularity conditions.

Arsalan Jawaid, Abdullah Karatas, J. Seewig · 0 citations
#machine learning Review Open access Jan 2026

Advances in Diffusion-Based Generative Compression

This article provides a unifying review of recent diffusion-based methods for generative lossy compression, with a focus on image compression, and highlights the role of common randomness and connections to inverse problems, and identifies open challenges.

Yibo Yang, Stephan Mandt · 0 citations
#machine learning Review Open access Jul 2025

InsurTech innovation using natural language processing

This paper applies various NLP techniques to demonstrate feature de-biasing, feature compression, and industry classification in the commercial insurance context to show that NLP is not merely a supplementary tool but a foundational element of modern, data-driven insurance analytics.

Pan-Yi Dong, Z. Quan · 2 citations

Role of scrambling and noise in temporal information processing with quantum systems

A quantum reservoir processing framework that captures a broad range of physical computing models with quantum systems and it is numerically demonstrated that exponential concentration can still exist even with a physical reservoir such as an Ising model whenever the reservoir operates in a quantum-chaotic phase.

Weijie Xiong, Zoe Holmes, Armando Angrisani et al. · 19 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Statistical Properties of Deep Neural Networks with Dependent Data

This paper develops theory for deep neural network (DNN) estimators under dependent data. To provide theory applicable to a variety of DNN-based estimators, I first establish nonasymptotic probability bounds on the theoretical and empirical $\mathcal{L}^{2}$-errors of nonparametric sieve estimators for a general class...

Chad Brown · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 6, 2026

What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us

Jennifer Neville did not want to go into computer science—but that’s exactly where she landed. Neville discusses the starts and stops that led to her professional sweet spot and her work identifying “surprising failures” making it hard for AI to handle complexity.  The post What AI gets wrong and what failure teaches us appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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