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artificial intelligence

16,521 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Budgeted Multi-Source Counterfactual Annotation for Off-Policy Evaluation

Off-policy evaluation (OPE) estimates the value of a target policy from logged data, but limited behavior-policy coverage can force high-variance reweighting or reward-model extrapolation. Counterfactual annotations can add evidence about unobserved actions, yet practical sources, including domain experts and large lan...

Biao Xiang, Ali Eshragh, Yuexing Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

When Citations Mislead? A Claim-Level Benchmark for Legal Hallucination Detection

Large language models are increasingly used in legal research and drafting, but they can still produce claims that sound convincing without being supported by the cited source. We introduce PARCEL, a benchmark for checking whether a legal claim is supported by the underlying authority. Using recent New York State Court...

M. M. Demir, M. A. Canbaz · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

iAm.md: Robot Skill Self-Assessment through Agentic Introspection for Unknown Open-Vocabulary Domains

Agentic AI based on Large Language Model generalization capabilities offers a wide range of potential applications, including planning for embodied tasks. For example, embodied agents based on Foundation models can generate plausible plans in autonomous robotics scenarios. Due to limited context windows or hallucinator...

Vincenzo Guarino, Emanuele Musumeci, Vincenzo Suriani et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Oct 2026

Cross-Provider Review as a Runtime Contract for Coding Agents: A Controlled Pilot and Fault-Injection Study

Coding agents increasingly share a workstation while drawing on separate providers and subscription allowances. A second agent can inspect a completed answer, but the call spends another pool and may provide no substantive finding. We describe an advisory cross-provider review contract: distinct resource pools, bounded...

Bo-Wen Xu, Bo-Yu Chen · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

TRACE: A Governance Framework for Measuring Explainability Debt in Production AI Systems

Production AI systems deployed in high-stakes domains accumulate a governance liability that existing monitoring frameworks fail to detect: the progressive inability to explain individual decisions when regulators, auditors, or affected individuals demand accountability. We introduce TRACE (Transparency, Risk, Accounta...

H. K. Pathak · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rethinking the Tradeoff Between Temporal Encoding and Nonlinear Computation in Spiking Language Models

Spiking language models face a tradeoff between representing continuous semantic features over short temporal windows and retaining costly nonlinear attention operations. We introduce Spora, which jointly designs spike encodings and attention operators. Binary temporal weights let $T$ spikes represent compositional val...

Hanfei Liu, Shuchang Feng, Yanxia Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Speedbumps: Rejection Attacks on Speculative Decoding

Speculative decoding is a popular technique for increasing the speed and reducing the costs of large language model (LLM) inference by verifying multiple draft tokens in a single target-model forward pass. The resulting benefit depends on the ability of the drafter to approximate the target model's distribution. In thi...

Adam Y. J. Jones, Yu Yuan, Sergio Maffeis · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

The Missing Fourth Term for the Emulation Tensor Memory Equilibrium (TME) Model: The Residue Deconstruction Cost

The Tensor-Memory Equilibrium (TME) model of "FP8 is All You Need (Part 1)" calculates the execution time of Ozaki Scheme II emulation of fp64 as the maximum of a tensor-core term and a High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM) traffic term, plus a per-output reconstruction term. However, it omits the per-input deconstruction cost:...

Harun Bayraktar, John Gunnels, Peter Caday · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Stochastic Teacher Intervention for Agentic On-Policy Distillation

On-policy distillation (OPD) efficiently transfers capabilities from a stronger teacher to a student language model through dense token-level supervision on student-generated rollouts and has shown promise on complex tasks such as mathematical reasoning. However, in multi-turn agentic tasks, student decisions shape sub...

Jun-Nan Liu, Lin-Hao Luo, Zhijun Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

RFChipAgent: Multi-Agentic AI Flow for Analog/RF Chip Design

Analog/RF circuits remain the critical interface between digital computation and the physical world, and emerging standards from Wi-Fi 7 to 6G place stringent demands on them, yet analog/RF design remains one of the most labor-intensive steps in chip development. We present RFChipAgent, a first-of-its-kind multi-agent...

Awani Khodkumbhe, Yunfei Feng, Raj Rangarajan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Real Long-Term Memory for AI: A 50-Million-Token Window That Is Faster and Cheaper Than Recompute

A large language model can only use the text that fits in its context window, and it recomputes its internal key-value (KV) state for a prompt every time the prompt is sent. We test a memory layer, the public package galahad-kv, that saves the KV state of each block of about 16,000 tokens to encrypted local NVMe disk a...

Sietse Schelpe · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Grammar Concept Annotation at Scale: Deployed Fine-Tuned Small Language Models Outperform Prompted Frontier Models

Corrective feedback is among the best-evidenced drivers of second-language acquisition, yet corrections delivered during lessons rarely accumulate into an actionable view of grammar mastery. Prompted frontier models can provide such a view from learner--tutor lesson transcripts, but they are costly at scale. We close t...

Marjan Celikik, A. Ramallo, Javier Morales · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 29, 2026

Who we become when we talk to machines

Professor Sherry Turkle’s new book, “Artificial Intimacy,” offers a withering critique of chatbots and the antisocial dynamics she believes they encourage.

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