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artificial intelligence

14,559 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Selective Critique for Cost-Aware LLM Agents in Long-Horizon Decision Making

Improving the reliability of large language model (LLM) agents in long-horizon decision-making remains a key challenge. When deployed as autonomous agents interacting with complex environments, early mistakes can propagate through trajectories and cause cascading failures. Recent approaches improve reliability by incor...

Heewon Park, Somin Im, Minhae Kwon · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Scale-Invariant Training for Time Series Foundation Models

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) are trained on large collections of time series datasets that span various morphologies and domains. This setting exposes models to series whose scales -- typical magnitudes of their values -- can differ substantially. Affine scaling methods such as Reversible Instance Normalizatio...

Ignacy Stepka, Willa Potosnak, Kin G. Olivares et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FlexiFlow: Bandit-based Model Switching in ML Workflows

Model optimizations help improve inference performance and accuracy of ML workflows. However, relying on a single model to perform inference across all data batches often fails to maximize accuracy and thus overall performance. In many cases, alternate models could perform better on specific subsets of data where a pri...

Abhilash Jindal, Todd Nief, Bhanu Prakash Vangala et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Minimal Witness Reinforcement Learning

``What are the irreducible conditions that are sufficient to produce an outcome?'' is one of the most common questions that recur across computation and science. Its answers, the minimal sufficient witnesses, are what we mean by explanations, mechanisms and reasons. These problems usually ask for multiple minimal witne...

T. Y. Tsui, Zihao Ye, Pengxiang Cai et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Distributionally Robust Mixture-of-Experts Training

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) transformers scale capacity by activating only a few experts per token, but this sparsity creates a hidden reliability problem: when routing is imperfect, load-balanced models may send tokens to experts that are insufficiently trained for the assigned inputs. We propose Distributionally Robust...

Xin Teng, Mu-Xi Li, Hong-Yi Wen · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CLM-as-a-Judge: Evaluating an Open Contrastive Decision Model on Public Judge Benchmarks

An open contrastive decision model is near chance as a judge on the hard public benchmarks: Contrastive-LM/CLM-v0.1-8B scores between 0.351 (best- of-four, chance 0.250) and 0.593 (pairwise, chance 0.500), is statistically indistinguishable from coin flipping on RM-Bench and JudgeBench, and answers every HaluEval item...

Gowthamkumar Nandakishore · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Will the Judge Flip? Predicting Position-Sensitive LLM Judgments from Residual Stream Activations

The order in which candidate responses are presented can change an LLM judge's verdict. Detecting such a position flip ordinarily requires judging each pair in both orders, which doubles the number of judgments. We investigate whether residual stream activations recorded immediately before the initial verdict can predi...

Hashmath Shaik, Gnaneswar Villuri, Alex Doboli · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

LiLib: Lifelong Air-to-Ground Path-Loss Prediction on UAVs via a Drift-Triggered Model Library

UAVs that act as relays or base stations need accurate air-to-ground path-loss predictions for rate adaptation and placement, but propagation conditions change as a UAV moves between suburban, urban and high-rise areas, and the same areas are often revisited. Online regressors that adapt by forgetting must relearn each...

Minh Tran · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Muon Is Theoretically Wrong For Convolutions, But Empirically Effective

Muon, an optimizer known for its efficiency, has a clear interpretation for matrix-valued updates, but convolutional kernels are stored as four-dimensional tensors. Standard implementations reshape these tensors into matrices, a shortcut which breaks the theoretical understanding behind Muon. To investigate this, we fo...

Thibaut Boissin (IRIT), Thomas Massena (IRIT, DTIPG - SNCF et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SchemaFill: Efficient LLM Tool Calling via Slot-Parallel Speculative Decoding

LLM agents interact with external systems by generating structured tool calls. Given a user request, conversational context, and a catalog of tool schemas, a tool-calling model must select tools and generate their arguments, potentially producing multiple calls in a single response. Standard autoregressive decoding gen...

Zhi-Kai Chen, Song-Yan Li, De-Chuan Zhan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Learning to Simulate Individuals from Macro Social Signals

Large language models are increasingly used to simulate how individuals respond to new situations, yet the behavioral reasoning behind these responses is either inherited from pretraining or learned from individual-level annotations, which offer limited behavioral diversity and little supervision of the reasoning itsel...

Yi-Ning Zhao, Bu-Shi Liu, Hao-Fei Yu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

TRIAGE: Direction-Aware Mismatch Stabilization of Native NVFP4 Reinforcement Learning

Low-precision execution can substantially accelerate reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models, but discrepancies between learner and sampler execution can destabilize policy optimization. In this paper, we characterize the interaction between mismatch and the policy-gradient direction, distinguishing local...

Zhen Li, Shuai Zhang, Yang-Gan Gu et al. · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 29, 2026

Who we become when we talk to machines

Professor Sherry Turkle’s new book, “Artificial Intimacy,” offers a withering critique of chatbots and the antisocial dynamics she believes they encourage.

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