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artificial intelligence

14,559 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Learning a Mixture of GFlowNets

Learning an ensemble of GFlowNets to sample from a discrete target distribution has become a common approach for achieving better state space exploration and convergence than that of a monolithic sampler. However, these methods often add a substantial runtime overhead to the base model, and their conceptual connection...

Tiago da Silva, A. Souza, S. Lahlou · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Which and When to Admit: Gradient Admission for Data-Centric Small Language Model Finetuning

LoRA fine-tuning adapts small language models (SLMs) to heterogeneous instruction data within a low-rank update subspace, making it vulnerable to three structural problems: conflicting gradients that cancel, static data selection that cannot track evolving learning dynamics, and subspace saturation that causes later up...

Hong-Yu Cao, Yan-Chi Liu, Kun-Peng Liu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Foundation Model-Aided Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Wireless Random Access Network Optimization

Random access (RA) is one of the most foundational medium access control (MAC) layer scheduling schemes for handling unpredictable data traffic from multiple terminals. While multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been explored to optimize RA-based wireless networks, its reliance on experience-driven, distribute...

Myeung Suk Oh, Zhi-Yao Zhang, Alvaro Velasquez et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Harmful SFT Leaves a Continuous Trace in LLM Checkpoint Updates

Safety auditing of post-trained large language models typically relies on model behavior, requiring model execution and depending on the coverage of available evaluations. This work asks a different question: Do the target behaviors optimized during supervised fine-tuning (SFT) leave readable evidence directly in check...

Ziqun Bao, Xinyu Zhang, Yuchen Shao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Who Bears the Burden? Learning Responsibility for Shared Constraints in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

When multiple agents share a cost budget, a common Lagrange multiplier can enforce the aggregate constraint but does not determine how its penalty should be allocated across agents. Uniform penalties ignore heterogeneity in the rewards agents sacrifice, while agent-specific multipliers may still rely on the same aggreg...

Xiaoyang Cao, Jingqi Li, Zhe Fu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Structure, Not Belief: Correlated Thompson Sampling from LLM-Derived Covariance in Combinatorial Semi-Bandits

Combinatorial Thompson sampling (CTS) draws independent posterior samples for every arm, so its exploration dynamics ignore any relation among arms. We study a minimal change to those dynamics: an LLM is queried once for a partition of the arms, the partition becomes a positive-definite correlation matrix $\Sigma$ thro...

Vikram Kakaria, Anish Kataria, Anany Kotawala · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

AlignQuant: Tile-Aligned Mixed-Precision Quantization for Efficient LLM Generation

Fine-grained mixed-precision quantization promises efficient large language model inference, but local precision choices can conflict with regular GPU storage and computation units. This precision-boundary mismatch limits the translation of compression into practical acceleration. We introduce AlignQuant, a post-traini...

Han-Zhi Zhang, Qiao Zhang, Qing-Lei Cao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Active Feature Acquisition for Cost-Efficient Temporal Prediction with Reduced Participant Burden

Accurate forecasting of pathological outcomes is a central problem in psychology. To do so, psychologists often collect intensive longitudinal data. However, in such studies, the desire to acquire a large number of variables for the sake of accurate prediction is often counteracted by the need to minimize participant b...

Yunni Qu (Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), Bing Cai Kok (Department of Psychology and Neuroscience et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Inference and learning in sparse autoencoders as natural gradient flow

Sparse autoencoders are widely used to uncover interpretable features in neural networks, yet reliable recovery remains difficult when features overlap or activate infrequently. These challenges involve both inferring which features explain an input and learning the dictionary that represents them. Here, we unify infer...

Hadi Vafaii, Tejas Rao, David Chanin et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

RELACE: retrospective likelihood-based action credit estimation for long-horizon language agents

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) avoids a separate critic by estimating advantages from rollout groups. For multi-turn agents, however, trajectory-level supervision provides coarse, noisy credit: terminal rewards do not locate errors and can penalize useful actions alongside mistakes. Group-in-Group Policy Opt...

Sayak Chakrabarti, Sathish Indurthi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Stepped MoE: Segment-Level Routing with Configurable Inference Complexity

Training large language models (LLMs) is resource-intensive, and adapting them for diverse deployment scenarios with varying computational constraints remains challenging. While elastic architectures enable flexible model deployment and sparsely activated models allow input-adaptive computation, existing approaches tre...

Arnav Kundu, Zhao-Yang Xu, Bai-Ru Hou et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

CausalBind: Causal Modeling and Learning for Protein-Molecule Virtual Screening

Protein-molecule virtual screening is increasingly cast as a problem of representation learning in a shared embedding space. Existing methods rely on dense holistic alignment, entangling invariant binding determinants with nuisance correlations and limiting transfer to new targets. It has been noted that binding in pro...

Lo-Ka Li, Jing-Jing Tian, Kun Zhang · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Sep 29, 2026

Who we become when we talk to machines

Professor Sherry Turkle’s new book, “Artificial Intimacy,” offers a withering critique of chatbots and the antisocial dynamics she believes they encourage.

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