Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System

Abstract

The research describes the designing and implementation of a smart home automation system based on the Internet of Things technology, which was developed to increase efficiency, energy saving, and appliance control in a residential setup. Conventional household automation systems require heavy reliance on manual operations, causing energy wastage and inefficiency in operating household appliances. It is intended to build a low-cost but reliable system that will enable the automated control of appliances through the use of environmental sensors data. The components used to design the system include ESP32 microcontroller, PIR Motion sensor, DHT11 temperature sensor, LDR light sensor, relay modules, lighting and fans, power supply using battery, and web-based interface locally. Programming of ESP32 microcontroller was done using Arduino IDE in C/C++, and ESP32 was programmed to run in Access Point mode with the IP address 192.168.4.1, thereby building up a web-based interface locally. Results demonstrate that the system can detect motion, light intensity, and temperature; process the data correctly; and control connected appliances effectively.