Robust Multimodal Sentiment Analysis with Incomplete Modalities via Semantic-aware Completeness based Reconstruction

Abstract

Recent multimodal sentiment analysis studies increasingly adopt text-centric fusion approaches to exploit the rich sentiment information inherent in the textual modality. However, these approaches often suffer from performance degradation during inference due to partially missing or noisy data in real-world scenarios, especially when sentiment-related cues are missing. To address this issue, we introduce a new completeness estimation approach that quantifies the degree of sentiment-relevant information preserved in incomplete data to guide the reconstruction of missing semantics. Furthermore, we propose a training strategy that stabilizes multi-task learning while jointly optimizing sentiment prediction and completeness estimation. Extensive experiments and in-depth analyses on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach enables more accurate semantic reconstruction, leading to more precise sentiment prediction.