Assessment of Immunization Levels in Children with Chronic Diseases in a Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Background/Objective: Vaccination is one of the most effective and cost-effective preventive health measures for preventing infectious diseases. The literature reports that children with chronic illnesses have lower vaccination rates than healthy children and are at higher risk for preventable diseases. This study aimed to determine the immunization status of children with chronic illnesses, assess vaccination rates, and help raise awareness on this issue. Material/Method: Children aged 1 month to 18 years who presented to or were admitted to the Pediatric Clinic of Mersin City Education and Research Hospital between 1 March and 30 June 2024, and who were followed up for their chronic illness, and whose parents gave their consent, were included in the study. Sociodemographic data and information about routine and vaccines outside the national immunization schedule (Rotavirus, meningococcal, HPV, Influenza) were obtained from the parents. The status of vaccination of disease-specific recommended vaccines was also recorded. Results: A total of 256 children were included in the study (mean age 8.7 ± 4.69 years; 42.2% girls). A high rate of complete vaccination according to the routine vaccination schedule was observed. However, non-routine vaccinations were administered at low rates: rotavirus 9%, meningococcal 4.7%, and influenza 12.2%. The HPV vaccine was administered to only one patient in the study group. Recommended vaccines for the disease were administered to only 16.4% of eligible children. Conclusions: Children with chronic illnesses are at high risk for infection and complications. Increasing vaccine awareness among both healthcare professionals and parents will contribute to higher immunization rates. Comprehensive studies are needed to identify factors influencing vaccination in this population.