Quercetin exerts anti-fibrotic effects on vocal folds by multi-target inhibition of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby modulating fibroblast behavior, preserving extracellular matrix integrity, and restoring key matrix components such as hyaluronic acid and elastic fibers.
This study constructed a pH-responsive P-TN/SF@Fe-Cur composite coating that demonstrated significant anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pro-angiogenic, and pro-osteogenic effects in rat subcutaneous infection and femoral defect models.
ProteinReasoner is developed, a multimodal generative protein foundation model that sequentially connects amino acid sequence, evolutionary constraints and three-dimensional structure within a shared autoregressive architecture and suggests a general route towards reasoning across interdependent representations in other scientific domains.
Chaozhong Liu, Linlin Chao, Shaomin Ji et al.· bioRxiv· 1 citation
Due to its importance and wide adoption, wheat cultivation is promptly required to shift towards sustainable practices, reducing the dependency on chemical components. Among bio-based solutions aimed at securing the sustainability of wheat cultivation, biostimulants offer a versatile platform of eco-friendly tools assuring sustainability and profitability. Microalgae present a concrete example of a biostimulant source due to their richness in metabolites and high value products. Therefore, this study evaluated the biostimulant potential of eleven eco-extracts prepared from soil-isolated microalgae strains. Eco-extracts applied via soil drench at low dose (0.1 g/L) were investigated for their biostimulant effects on wheat growth, physiology, yield, and quality under controlled conditions. Results demonstrated significant ameliorations in treated plants as compared to the control, with no phytoinhibitory effects. Remarkable enhancements were notable in growth parameters such as shoot and root lengths (+40-70%), physiological traits such as total chlorophyll and stomatal conductance (+7-52%), yield components in the example of grain number per spike and thousand grain weight (+17-103%), and grain quality namely protein and polyphenol content (+2-fold to 4-fold). Similarly, phosphorus accumulation and uptake were significantly improved, while soil physicochemical status was ameliorated, indicating enhanced fertility. Multivariate analysis and composite index ranking marked Chlorella sp. GA18, Chlorella sp. GA65, Scenedesmus sp. GA69, and Chlorococcum sp. GA63 as eco-extracts with consistent performances across all plant traits. These findings highlighted the promising potential of integrating microalgae-based eco-friendly extracts in sustainable wheat cultivation.
Amer Chabili, Z. Hakkoum, F. Minaoui et al.· Plant Science· 1 citation
HydroGym is introduced, a solver-independent reinforcement learning platform providing more than 60 validated, openly available flow control environments spanning from canonical laminar flows to complex turbulent flows, with systematic progression in the Reynolds number up to Re = 4 × 105, and Mach number variations in two and three dimensions.
Christian Lagemann, Sajeda Mokbel, Miro Gondrum et al.· Nature· 1 citation
A generalized essential dynamics-refined ENM (edENM) is introduced for both DNA, RNA, and protein-nucleic acid complexes, parametrized against a diverse set of molecular dynamics simulations and validated using experimental ensembles from nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray crystallography, and cryogenic electron microscopy.
Domenico Scaramozzino, Marco Cannariato, Byung Ho Lee et al.· Nucleic Acids Research· 0 citations
Amyloid fibrils are implicated in a myriad of human diseases. A striking observation is that fibrils extracted from diseased tissues are characterized by a restricted set of folds unique to the specific pathology. In contrast, fibrils grown in vitro exhibit extensive structural diversity, suggesting that specific environmental and biochemical mechanisms in vivo enforce structural selectivity. Here, we combine two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to investigate the mechanisms governing polymorph formation in the human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP). We demonstrate that 2D IR can resolve populations of distinct polymorphs identified by cryo-EM, enabling rapid label-free screening of conditions prior to labor-intensive microscopy screening. We find that conditions favoring secondary nucleation, such as high protein concentration, increase polymorphic diversity. Crucially, cryo-EM reveals that formed by secondary nucleation do not structurally replicate the parent template. Finally, by selectively inhibiting secondary nucleation using the C-terminal domain of the DNAJB6 chaperone, we steer aggregation toward a monomorphic state. These findings highlight the critical role of molecular chaperones in fibril polymorph selection.
Mikołaj I Kuska, Łucja Kozicka, S. Prodhan et al.· bioRxiv· 0 citations