Dynamic Quantum Circuit Compilation via Reinforcement Learning

Abstract

Quantum circuit compilation is a crucial step in realizing quantum algorithms on real quantum hardware. Traditionally, compilation methods are largely static, relying on pre-defined mappings and optimizations that fail to account for the inherent noise and variability present in quantum devices. This paper proposes a novel approach leveraging Reinforcement Learning (RL) to dynamically generate and optimize quantum circuits. An RL agent is trained to learn a policy for circuit design, adapting to specific hardware characteristics and real-time measurement data. The agent's goal is to minimize the overall error rate of the compiled circuit. This dynamic compilation framework offers a feedback loop between hardware performance and circuit design, resulting in adaptive and robust quantum computation. The core claim of this work is that traditional static compilation methods are insufficient, and dynamic compilation driven by RL offers a superior solution. The approach presented here represents a significant advancement towards realizing the full potential of quantum computing by mitigating the effects of hardware imperfections. The framework includes a detailed description of the RL agent architecture, the reward function design, and the exploration strategy employed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulations, highlighting its ability to outperform static compilation strategies in noisy environments.