A two-part tutorial-and-survey is presented that formalises the control, management, and AI-native planes of 5G and 6G, and maps agentic capabilities onto 5G/6G control surfaces, standardization, and major 6G initiatives.
Abstract
Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI), enabled by Large Language Models, marks a shift from rule-based automation toward autonomous, goal-driven control of Next-Generation Networks (NGNs). Existing surveys treat the two domains in isolation, leaving protocol integration, evaluation, and standardization alignment underexplored. To address this gap, a two-part tutorial-and-survey is presented. Part I formalises the control, management, and AI-native planes of 5G and 6G. It then covers the foundations of agentic systems: reasoning, planning, tool use, multi-agent coordination, and evaluation. Part II maps agentic capabilities onto 5G/6G control surfaces, standardization, and major 6G initiatives. Finally, it identifies open challenges shaping autonomous telecommunications.
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