A Brain-Based Learning Augmented Reality Framework Integrated with Tri Kaya Parisudha Values for Early Childhood Character Education

Abstract

The integration of technology in early childhood education often focuses on cognitive gains, paying limited attention to holistic development that encompasses character building based on local wisdom. This study addresses this gap by designing, developing, and evaluating a novel Augmented Reality (AR) framework grounded in Brain-Based Learning (BBL) principles and integrated with the Tri Kaya Parisudha values (Manacika, Wacika, Kayika) from Balinese culture. The framework was engineered using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to ensure a systematic approach. The resulting interactive AR media provides multisensorial and emotionally engaging learning experiences through 3D visualizations, animations, and interactive storytelling, all designed to stimulate neural pathways essential for memory and moral reasoning. The application's content is contextualized around thematic lessons that explicitly model and encourage good thoughts, kind words, and virtuous actions. The framework's validity and practicality were assessed through expert review and a quasi-experimental design involving preschoolers. Results from expert validation confirmed high levels of validity in terms of media design, pedagogical content, and cultural integration. Furthermore, implementation in a classroom setting demonstrated a significant positive impact on children's prosocial behaviors, critical thinking, and communication skills. The study concludes that the proposed AR framework is not only a viable technological tool but also an effective pedagogical instrument for fostering character education. It successfully bridges the gap between advanced technology, neuroscientific learning principles, and cultural ethics, offering a replicable model for developing contextually relevant educational technology in early childhood settings.