No Data Wasted: A Semi-supervised Generative Model for Incomplete Multi-view Data Integration with Missing Labels
Yiyang ShenWeiran Wang
Sep 2026
Artificial IntelligenceMachine Learning
Abstract
Multi-view learning is widely applied to real-life datasets, but it often suffers from both missing views and missing labels. Prior probabilistic approaches addressed the missing view problem by using a product-of-experts scheme to aggregate representations from present views and achieved superior performance over deterministic classifiers, using the information bottleneck (IB) principle. However, the IB framework is inherently fully supervised and cannot leverage unlabeled data. In this work, we propose a semi-supervised generative model that utilizes both labeled and unlabeled samples in a unified framework. Our method maximizes the likelihood of unlabeled samples to learn a latent space shared with the IB on labeled data. We also include modality-specific information in likelihood modeling and perform cross-view mutual information maximization in the shared latent space to enhance the extraction of shared information across views. Compared to existing approaches, our model achieves better predictive and generation performance on complex datasets with missing views and limited labeled samples.
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