Results show that in investment management agents, access to reliable procedural skills can be as important as model choice, while naive self-generation of skills is often ineffective.
Abstract
Investment management is a high-stakes domain in which agentic AI systems must do more than generate plausible text. They must retrieve point-in-time data, assemble correct computational inputs, invoke specialized methods, and produce auditable structured outputs. We introduce FinSkillBench, an evaluation suite designed to measure whether language model agents can effectively use financial domain skills to solve investment management tasks. The benchmark spans three domains, portfolio construction, risk management, and fundamental analysis, and includes 12 subtasks with 2,603 task episodes. Each episode provides point-in-time inputs, hidden ground truth, and a task-specific verifier.We compare three conditions: no skill, curated skill packages consisting of procedural documents and executable components, and self-generated skills in which the agent writes and reuses its own procedures within an episode. Across 9 models and a large-scale evaluation, curated skills consistently improve performance, raising mean scores from 0.366 to 0.528, with the largest gains in portfolio construction and risk management. In contrast, self-generated skills provide little benefit despite higher computational cost. An independent evaluation using a separate agent framework (Hermes Agent, 8 models, 5,280 episodes total) reproduces the directional pattern across all three domains, with the magnitude of skill effects varying by subtask and harness. These results showthat in investment management agents, access to reliable procedural skills can be as important as model choice, while naive self-generation of skills is often ineffective. We release the benchmark, evaluation tools, curated skill packages, and full trajectories to support further research.
Language model agents now execute bounded tasks reliably. Whether they can sustain effective decision-making over long horizons, where actions have cumulative consequences and the environment responds to their choices, remains largely unmeasured. FM-Bench (Football Management Benchmark) measures this. An LLM agent runs...
Tianyou Wang, Chong-Yang Gao, Ke-Zhen Chen et al.· 1 citation
Skill-Use is introduced, a benchmark that evaluates skill use under progressive disclosure, where an agent sees only a skill's name and short description and must retrieve the full procedure before following it.
This work introduces FORCE-Bench, which contains 251 expert-annotated queries and evaluates responses using a rubric-based framework calibrated to the requirements of the operational finance domain, across eight dimensions: accuracy, citations, clarity, depth, groundedness, recency, relevance, and structure.
Wolfgang M. Pauli, Sarah Panda, Kidus Admassu et al.· arXiv.org· 2 citations
This work finds that reliability depends more on grounding and verification than on procedural skill choice, and finds that reliability depends more on grounding and verification than on procedural skill choice.
Mint-Agent, a family of finance-native agentic models designed around these two scales of financial intelligence, is presented, establishing a path toward trustworthy financial intelligence in which domain expertise, long-horizon execution, and auditable evidence are jointly engineered as a unified foundation for front...
Mint-Agent Team, Kun Wang, Gavin Zhang et al.· 0 citations
ACES (Agentic Continuous Evaluation of Skills), a repository-native framework for evaluating skills and product capability packages as executable agent artifacts, is presented.
Christopher Kevin, Narendran Raghavan, J. Puget et al.· 3 citations· ⚡1
Related blog posts
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduOct 13, 2026
Machine-learning networks can learn without detailed instructions from a designer. Those that do may offer insight into how the brain reorganizes itself during learning.
With $2.1 million funding from Google.org, the open-source Public Transit Intelligence Hub will unify public transit monitoring, operations, and passenger communication.