Sep 2026· Civil society in Russia and abroad· 0 citations
Abstract
This article is devoted to the legal regulation of the use of genomic editing technology in individual states. In general, it can
be stated that in most legal systems there are restrictions on genomic editing in relation to hereditary genes, however, in rare cases
exceptions are allowed, which must be recognized as justified in view of the reality of threats to human life and health. Using the method
of comparative legal analysis, the author identifies the most optimal experience that can be useful to the domestic system of law-making
on the way to forming legislation in the field of public health protection.
November 2025 marked seven years since a Chinese biophysicist declared having used the controversial CRISPR technology to produce the world’s first genome-edited baby. Much before this unprecedented application of CRISPR, the scientific community has been rallying for an international moratorium on heritable genome editing in humans. Although global consensus makes room for uninheritable gene therapies, but the regulatory approvals for CRISPR-mediated gene therapies have only just begun to be considered. What lies ahead is an uphill battle for responsible and uniform policymaking, as well as public acceptance of novel gene-editing techniques in the backdrop of localized social, political, and religious affiliations. This paper aims to analyze several legal frameworks governing the use of CRISPR technology in humans, with a particular focus on Indian biotechnology regulations. It further identifies crucial shortcomings in the existing biomedical policies and carves a pathway for better regulation and widespread acceptance towards this groundbreaking technology.
Manveen Singh, Aditi Morale· LAW & PASS: Internationa...· 0 citations
Explicit appeals for the protection of individual autonomy in the hereditary editing of the human genome are
increasingly being heard in the scientific literature. The author attempts to consider the category of personal autonomy
through the prism of philosophy, ethics and law (including the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights
and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation) and to establish the possibility of its implementation when
deciding on the editing of the embryo germline. An analysis of the multivariative nature of personal autonomy has shown that the full realization of autonomy is possible only by the individual himself, and this requires the search
for other adaptive approaches to its implementation in the context of genomic editing technology. As a solution,
it is proposed to consider the possibility of implementing the principle of individual autonomy when deciding
on the editing of the embryo’s germline through compliance with the requirements of respect and protection of human
dignity.
Aleksandr A. Kushnarev· Constitutional and municipal...· 0 citations
Today, due to significant advances in science, particularly in the field of genetic engineering, some individuals have not limited their use of genetics merely to gene correction, disease treatment, and therapy. Instead, they have gone further, utilizing genetic science to make alterations to their embryos based on personal desires and preferences, such as changing eye color, enhancing memory, determining gender, and more. In many cases, genetic manipulation of the embryo does not lead to the desired or expected outcome for the parents, and may even result in adverse effects, causing defects or abnormalities in the embryo. This article, using the library research method and referencing legal sources and scholarly opinions, examines the factors involved in genetic manipulation of embryos and the liability arising from such actions. The summary of the research suggests that genetic specialists, gynecologists, and laboratory staff, when acting based on customary standards, are liable for any damage caused to the embryo and must compensate for the harm. It is noteworthy that due to customary reliance, their responsibility may sometimes be determined as joint liability due to direct involvement, stronger causality, or the participation of all contributing factors.
Fariba Taei, Aliakbar Ezadifard, A. Jahani· Comparative Studies in Juris...· 0 citations
Inherited liver diseases are predominantly caused by monogenic mutations, and the vast majority of these conditions currently lack curative treatment options. Although liver transplantation may be used for patients with end-stage disease, it faces numerous challenges, including donor organ shortage, immune rejection, and the need for lifelong immunosuppression. In recent years, CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing technology has advanced rapidly, offering transformative hope for the treatment of these diseases. This review systematically elucidates the working principles and technical advantages of the CRISPR-Cas9 system and its derived tools (base editing and prime editing), summarizes recent applications of these technologies in the treatment of hereditary liver diseases, and discusses the prospects and challenges of their clinical translation, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for future research in this field.
Ran Liu, Shiqi Cong, Yuan Gao et al.· International Journal of Mol...· 0 citations
Gene editing technology is fundamentally reshaping the paradigm of genetic disease treatment, and its clinical translation marks the entry of modern medicine into an era of precise intervention. The CRISPR-Cas9 system, with its programmable targeting capability, provides radical solutions for monogenic genetic diseases, achieving historic breakthroughs in the treatment of thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Technological iterations have spawned new paradigms of base editing and prime editing, enabling single-base precise correction while circumventing double-strand break risks, representing a qualitative leap in the safety dimension. Ethical controversies focus on the unpredictability of off-target effects, the intergenerational responsibility boundaries of germline editing, and the social equity of technology benefit distribution, urgently requiring the establishment of global collaborative governance mechanisms. Innovations in delivery systems have broken through organ-targeting bottlenecks, making in vivo in situ editing possible. Future development directions lie in integrating artificial intelligence to optimize editing design, perfecting lifelong safety monitoring systems, constructing ethical consensus across multicultural backgrounds, promoting deep synergy between technological innovation and humanistic care, and ultimately achieving a paradigm shift in genetic disease treatment from symptom management to etiological eradication.
Zhiyi Jiang· Critical Humanistic Social T...· 0 citations
Mexico's General Health Law regulates certain transfers abroad of human tissues used in population genomic studies. We clarify how this framework may apply to oriGen, why the nature of the material transferred is legally decisive, and why publicly verifiable clarification of the applicable permit and registry requirements is essential for regulatory accountability, participant trust, lawful national stewardship, and responsible, equitable international genomic collaboration.
M. T. Hernández-Huerta, Gilberto Castañeda-Hernández, H. A. Cabrera-Fuentes· Trends in Biotechnology· 0 citations
A new method for surgically removing training examples from a model reveals that as datasets grow, the link between what a model learns and what it produces dissolves.
MIT News · Artificial Intelligence· news.mit.eduAug 17, 2026
