The purpose of this review is to explore how epigenetic alterations affect gene expression and their potential role in cognitive dysfunction associated with PD.
Abstract
Epigenetics studies inheritable characteristics and lasting cellular changes that occur without alterations in the DNA sequence. This field is crucial for understanding how environmental factors interact with genes to influence memory, learning, and cognition. In the context of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD), epigenetic mechanisms may help explain the molecular basis of cognitive impairment. The purpose of this review is to explore how epigenetic alterations affect gene expression and their potential role in cognitive dysfunction associated with PD.
Overall, epigenetic modulators present a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegeneration, and continued research integrating various assays like DNA methylation analysis, histone modification analysis, non-coding RNA analysis, neuroinflammation analysis, and functional and behavioral assays in AD models is significant in harnessing the full potential for AD treatment.
Debojyoti Halder, Denish Prajapati, Tonmoy Banerjee et al.· Methods in Enzymology· 0 citations
Increased age-related biological changes have been causally linked to various pathologies in the brain, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. There is also evidence that schizophrenia could be included in this group of brain disorders that may actually be manifestations of a broader multisystemic premature ageing phenotype.
Júlia Rius-Bonet, Julia Gras-Font, S. Macip· The British journal of psych...· 0 citations
The current understanding of the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s disease is reviewed and modern approaches for diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Zahraa Mohammed Fakheir, S. A. H. Jasim· Journal of Genetic and Envir...· 0 citations
A recent publication by Ingram et al. revealed the importance of cellular precision in psychiatric epigenetics. Using cellular deconvolution, the authors showed that anxiety is associated with cell type-specific DNA methylation signatures reflecting stress, inflammation, and accelerated aging. These findings have critical implications for neuroscience studies aiming to bridge the gap between the peripheral epigenome and brain function.
K. Marečková, Yuliya S. Nikolova· Trends in Neurosciences· 0 citations
This review sought to integrate disease‐specific causative triggers with shared pathogenic pathways, focusing on neuroinflammatory signaling, oxidative imbalance, mitochondrial impairment, and disrupted protein homeostasis, in order to support multi‐target, disease‐modifying therapeutic strategies.
Fatemeh Sadat Aldaghi, Z. Siahpoosh, Z. Salehi et al.· Brain and Behavior· 1 citation
Brain aging and age-associated neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), are largely attributed to epigenetic drift which is characterized by the gradual accumulation of alterations in neural cell methylation patterns over time. These methylation changes are particularly evident in transposable element (TE)-derived sequences such as Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) which comprises approximately 17% of the human genome. During aging, LINE-1 elements gradually lose their methylation, as well as the regulatory safeguard mechanisms that usually keep them inactive. This repression loss can lead to LINE-1 reactivation, contributing to harmful effects including genomic instability, neuroinflammation, and more. Together these findings indicate that impaired epigenetic maintenance, especially in repetitive genome regions, plays a key role in biological aging of neurons and glial cells. In this narrative review, we discuss the methylation dynamics and regulatory mechanisms of LINE-1 retrotransposons, their activation processes during aging, and contribution to age-associated neurological diseases. We also highlight the potential of targeting LINE-1 methylation to restore methylation homeostasis, epigenetic stability and delay brain aging.
Alkinoos A. Armoundas, C. Piperi· Mechanisms of Ageing and Dev...· 0 citations
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