Pooled prevalence rates demonstrate a measurable burden of cancer among patients with a wide range of CVDs, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary management in this population of patients.
Abstract
Background No systematic review has been conducted to pool the existing evidence and quantify cancer prevalence rates in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aimed to estimate pooled cancer prevalence in coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), stroke, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and valvular heart diseases (VHD). Methods PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from 2010 to July 2024. The outcomes were proportions of patients with active, any, previous, blood, solid, and metastatic cancer. The prevalence rates were estimated via one-step generalized linear mixed models. Results Totally, we retrieved 676 studies with enrollment of roughly 180 million participants. The analysis for active cancer included 59 studies with a population of 4,759,695 patients. The pooled prevalence of active cancer was 4.22% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18-5.32), 4.43% (95% CI 2.78-6.38), 4.60% (95% CI 1.72-8.13), 4.61% (95% CI, 2.83-6.97), 4.90% (95% CI 3.84-6.37), and 5.55% (95% CI 3.97-7.01) in patients with type 2 DM, chronic HF, any stroke, CAD, VHD, and AF. For any cancer, prevalence rates ranged from 14.10% (95% CI 12.20-15.99) in AF to 7.04% (95% CI 6.05-8.03) in CAD. Conclusion Pooled prevalence rates demonstrate a measurable burden of cancer among patients with a wide range of CVDs, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary management in this population.
A substantial cardiovascular burden among cancer patients is confirmed while highlighting important limitations in the evidence base, and strengthening integrated cardio-oncology care and prioritising high-quality research are essential to improve risk stratification and patient outcomes.
S. A. Belachew, S. A. Mohammed, G. Garvey· Clinical and Experimental Me...· 0 citations
BACKGROUND
Cancer and heart failure (HF) frequently coexist due to population ageing and improved survival for both conditions. HF is a well-recognised complication of oncologic therapies and a potential association between HF and subsequent cancer incidence has been recently noticed. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to quantify cancer incidence and mortality in patients with and without HF.
METHODS
Databases were searched from inception to 15 February 2026. Data from observational studies and randomised trials on individuals with and without HF and reporting cancer incidence and/or mortality during follow-up were included. The main outcome of interest was the incidence of any cancer; secondary outcomes included site-specific cancer incidence (lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate) and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer-related mortality.
RESULTS
Twelve studies comprising 8,979,195 individuals were included. HF was associated with a higher incidence of cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-1.54), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 99.7%). Cancer site-specific analyses showed increased incidences of lung (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.29), colorectal (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.11-1.48), and breast (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.37), but not prostate, cancer. Effect estimates varied according to analytical strategy: matched HF and non-HF cohorts reported higher risk estimates than those using covariate adjustment without matching. Mortality data were sparse and heterogeneous.
CONCLUSIONS
HF is associated with a higher incidence of cancer, although with marked heterogeneity among studies and cancer types. Mortality and cause of death were rarely reported. The observed HF-cancer association is influenced by statistical methodology, shared risk factors, differences in surveillance intensity and cancer type, that confound analyses investigating possible causal biological links. More granular and harmonised studies are required.
L. Sanasi, A. Iaconelli, Danila Azzolina et al.· European Journal of Heart Fa...· 0 citations
– Emerging evidence has revealed that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) identify individuals prone to developing cancer. However, the precise impact and which CVD is most associated with future cancer is not clear. Therefore, we present an up-to-date impact of CVD on cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality.
– A scoping review with a systematic approach was performed in adherence to the guidelines of Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Studies evaluating cancer incidence and mortality among individuals with pre-existing CVD or cardiovascular (CV) risk assessments were included. To categorize the data, sub-groups were created: 1) coronary artery disease, 2) atrial fibrillation, 3) congenital heart disease, 4) heart failure, 5) hypertension, 6) thrombosis, and 7) cardiovascular health indicators. Various predictor indices were plotted in forest plots to visualize effect of CVD or CV health indicators on cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality.
– The search strategy and screening process yielded 47 full-text articles for data-extraction. All CVDs and CV health indicators demonstrated an overall elevated risk of future cancer or cancer-related mortality (Figure 1). In the current evaluation, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease and thrombosis presented the strongest associations. Additionally, sex differences were subtle but present, favoring women.
– This scoping review highlights that the manifold of CVD and CV health indicators increase the risk of new-onset cancer and cancer-related mortality. Together, these findings emphasize the need for awareness of future cancer in patients with CVD as well as further in-depth studies for proper comparisons.
L. Yousif, P. Ameri, M. Vinci et al.· European Heart Journal, Supp...· 0 citations
In this population-based cohort study, the five-year incidence of cancer following a new diagnosis of CVD was markedly high and the distribution of cancer types in this population differed from that of the general population, with a higher proportion of genitourinary cancers and a lower proportion of breast cancer.
P. Moliner, H. Morillas, A. Ricarte-Marin et al.· European Heart Journal, Supp...· 0 citations
It is recommended that patients with lung cancer undergo screening to assess their cardiovascular risk and related complications and it is recommended that patients with lung cancer undergo screening to assess their cardiovascular risk and related complications.
M. Mamedov, P. I. Skopin, A. K. Karimov· Russian Journal of Preventiv...· 0 citations
Cardiovascular diseases impose a substantial burden on global health, remaining a leading cause of morbidity and premature death. This systematic review aimed to describe and compare the reported prevalence of key cardiovascular risk factors in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. The literature search identified 2831 published studies. After removing duplicates, screening the titles and abstracts, and evaluating the potentially eligible studies, 49 epidemiological studies were included, assessing the prevalence of them. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied to assess the relationships among the main risk factors. Dyslipidemia and hypertension were found to be the most prominent risk factors for myocardial infarction, each with an average prevalence of 50.5%, with a moderate to strong positive correlation between their prevalences (r = 0.61, p = 0.007). For ischemic stroke, dyslipidemia had a prevalence of 44.9%, while hypertension was higher at 66.8%. Smoking and diabetes mellitus were also significant, with average prevalences of 42.9% and 33.3% for myocardial infarction, and 33.6% and 29.8% for stroke, respectively. Our findings emphasize the frequent reporting of major modifiable risk factors, reinforcing the importance of comprehensive management strategies in secondary prevention. Dyslipidemia was consistently documented across studies involving both myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. These results also align with existing global evidence, supporting the role of lipid-lowering therapies and integrated prevention strategies in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease.
Daniela Debone, B. M. Vetromilla, André Ferreira Azeredo da Silva et al.· RECIMA21 - Revista Científic...· 0 citations
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