The integration between cardiology and oncology, with individualized risk stratification and longitudinal follow-up, are essential for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among breast cancer patients and survivors.
Breast cancer [BC] is the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Thanks to advancements in early detection, systemic therapies, and supportive care, survival rates have significantly improved. As more patients survive BC, cardiovascular disease [CVD] has emerged as a leading cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in this population. This is largely due to a combination of shared risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, combined to cardiotoxic effects of certain anticancer therapies, particularly anthracyclines, HER2-targeted therapies and radiotherapy. This review explores the cardiovascular [CV] implications of modern breast cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted agents, radiotherapy, and emerging modalities such as immunotherapy. It also highlights the impact of patient-specific factors—such as diabetes, lipid profile, and treatment duration—on CVD risk. Current data suggest that breast cancer survivors are at increased risk of CVD compared to the general population, and that risk persists for years after treatment completion. CVD risk profile of each patient is different because of patient age, previous risk factors, and type of oncological treatment, and must be carefully delineated and keep well in mind during and after cancer treatment.
F. Felicetti, G. Mittica, C. Cavallin et al.· Endocrines· 0 citations
It is recommended that patients with lung cancer undergo screening to assess their cardiovascular risk and related complications and it is recommended that patients with lung cancer undergo screening to assess their cardiovascular risk and related complications.
M. Mamedov, P. I. Skopin, A. K. Karimov· Russian Journal of Preventiv...· 0 citations
Evaluating the occurrence of new-onset CVD in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and identifying factors associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease highlights the need for sustained cardiovascular surveillance in breast cancer survivors.
V. Dvorovy, L. Kováčová, M. Selvek et al.· European Heart Journal, Supp...· 0 citations
Women with non-metastatic breast cancer frequently present with suboptimal control of cardiovascular risk factors at the time of qualification for anticancer therapy, and cardio-oncology care should focus on optimal blood pressure management and aggressive modification of metabolic risk factors, including obesity and dyslipidemia.
S. Mędrek, S. Szmit· European Heart Journal, Supp...· 0 citations
Cardio-oncology has emerged as a critical discipline in modern medicine due to the growing population of cancer survivors and the increasing recognition of cardiovascular disease as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. While there have been significant advances in chemotherapy such as advances in chemotherapy, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and radiation therapy, these treatments are linked to a wide range of cardiovascular toxicities such as myocarditis, arrhythmias, and progressive fibrotic remodeling. These toxicities tend to be caused by interrelated and multifactorial cellular processes including endothelial damage, immunological dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, early diagnosis of subclinical harm using multimodal surveillance strategies integrating clinical risk assessment, specialized clinical imaging, and circulating biomarkers has replaced reactive care of overt cardiotoxicity in modern cardio-oncology. Echocardiographic techniques such as longitudinal strain, with the help of biomarker-guided surveillance of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins, have made the early detection of cardiac dysfunction more effective. However, the current prediction risk models are still constrained and limited by their dependence on static clinical variables and their partial integration of biological mechanisms. This review examines the current methods for risk stratification and surveillance throughout the cancer care continuum, including baseline assessment, monitoring during active therapy, and long-term survivorship surveillance. Future approaches for tailored cardiovascular care are also highlighted, including new advances in precision cardio-oncology such as multi-omics profiling, molecular biomarkers, artificial intelligence, and mechanism-guided preventative strategies. Therefore, advancing biologically informed and risk-adapted monitoring frameworks may enhance early diagnosis, maximize cardioprotective measures, and lower long-term cardiovascular consequences.
Aryan Gajjar, S. Shah, A. Gajjar et al.· Biomedicines· 0 citations
Esophageal cancer (EC), a highly lethal malignancy with over 445 000 deaths globally in 2022, ranks among the leading causes of cancer mortality globally. As survival improves in EC, cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) has emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Contemporary treatment strategies involving surgery, fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and thoracic radiotherapy expose patients to distinct and overlapping mechanisms of cardiovascular injury. The increasing use of perioperative regimens such as fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) and immunochemotherapy (d-FLOT) approaches further underscores the importance of cardiovascular surveillance. Current evidence suggests that whole-heart dosimetric parameters alone may inadequately predict cardiovascular risk, whereas cardiac substructure-specific assessment and multimodal surveillance may facilitate earlier detection of subclinical injury and more individualized management. However, existing evidence remains largely retrospective, and standardized thresholds for biomarkers, imaging parameters, and surveillance intervals are lacking. Cardio-oncology has become essential in mitigating these risks through early detection and preventive strategies. In this review, we summarize current evidence on the mechanisms, incidence, and predictors of CTRCD in EC. By integrating biochemical, imaging, dosimetric, and predictive modeling approaches, clinicians may better balance oncologic efficacy with cardiovascular safety, reduce long-term cardiac morbidity, and improve overall outcomes in patients undergoing contemporary multimodality treatment for esophageal cancer.
U. Anosike, Roy Olunga, Emmanuel Korir et al.· Foregut: The Journal of the...· 0 citations
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