Autonomous Well Startup and Control with AI-Based Decisioning for Measurable Production Outcomes and Operational Excellence Using Real-Time Wellhead Intelligence

Abstract

Abstract This paper details an innovative practice and adapted initiative implemented by Company Asset to ensure continuous measurement, monitoring, and control of oil flow from oil-producing well leveraging Artificial Intelligence. In addition to maintaining the specified oil flow target, autonomous gas flow control was also effectively managed to ensure comprehensive well control. This arrangement proved advantageous in achieving the well testing key performance indicators (KPIs) and eliminating the need for manual intervention, thereby saving man-hours. The need for real-time flow monitoring & control at individual wellheads led to evaluating various solutions. A Multiphase Flow Meter (MPFM) was installed, enhancing flow measurement and allowing configuration of oil flow rate signals to control valve. This setup enabled autonomous control of the well, managing both natural oil flow and artificial lift gas flow when needed. The design allows easy relocation based on well-activated needs. Steps taken included: Implementing management of change for new solutionsConducting risk assessmentsEvaluating vital GL well surface and subsurface parameters Developing safe operating procedures, scenarios, schematics, and a user-friendly control scheme The autonomous control of the well enabled comprehensive management of the lift gas well. It also significantly reduced the manual labor required for diverting the well into testing facilities. Additionally, it facilitated the optimization of the gas flow rate and ensured the continuous production of oil through the oil-producing wells. The observed well control behavior was smooth and adhered to the stipulated setpoints. By leveraging the capability to connect the MPFM with the piping connections available at the wellhead, the following benefits were achieved and will continue to be advantageous in the future: Optimization of manhours approximately 87 hours for 10 wells / 1,200 hours for 140 wellsProduction gain of 1,850,000 barrels of oil by preventing production loss from gas lift wellsOptimization of GL flow rate, leading to savings of lean gas (9,000 MMscf for 50 wells) valued at 133 MMUSDAchievement of 100% well testing KPIsEffective and timely dual-string well testing resulting in a 10 MMUSD production gainEnsuring compliance with subsurface parameter restrictions, thereby preserving reservoir healthEnhancement of well digitalizationFacilitation of autonomous well controlReal-time well testingAccurate representation of the well's behaviorAI-based decision-making ensuring adherence to restrictions and WH/reservoir guidelines The implemented solution is highly effective in ensuring continuous production, timely well testing, and reducing manhours by leveraging autonomous control integrated with artificial intelligence. This methodology can be replicated across other existing facilities within the company and globally for the following reasons: Real-time flow monitoring and controlWell testing complianceEffective reservoir management This implementation will enhance well availability with continuous production while ensuring the health of the reservoir and surface facilities.