Impact of Organic Sources of Nutrients and Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms on Yield, Soil Fertility and Economics of Elephant Foot Yam [Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson]
Aug 2026· Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology· Vol 29, pp. 1154-1161· 0 citations
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the 2024–2025 kharif season at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, to assess the effects of organic nutrient sources and plant growth-promoting microorganisms on soil fertility, corm yield and the economics of elephant foot yam [Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson] cv. Palam Zimikand-1. The experiment was arranged in a randomised complete block design with three replications and ten pre-planting corm treatments comprising cow urine, buffalo urine, slurries prepared from animal dung and urine, cow-dung slurry, beejamrit, Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and water. Post-harvest soil samples were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Treatment T9 (Bacillus subtilis) recorded the lowest soil pH (6.98) and electrical conductivity (0.189 dS m⁻¹), together with the highest organic carbon content (0.82%), available nitrogen (252.79 kg ha⁻¹), available phosphorus (25.95 kg ha⁻¹) and available potassium (161.37 kg ha⁻¹). The same treatment produced the highest corm yield (551.11 q ha⁻¹), gross income (₹1,650,780 ha⁻¹), net return (₹1,064,395.30 ha⁻¹) and benefit-cost ratio (2.82). Under the conditions of this experiment, pre-planting corm treatment with Bacillus subtilis performed better than the other tested treatments for most soil-fertility and economic indicators.
A field study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Sri Ganganagar, (Rajasthan) India, under AICRP on Fruits, to evaluate the effects of organic and integrated nutrient management modules on growth, yield, fruit quality, and soil–plant nutrient status in Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). The experiment, laid out in a randomized block design, comprised five treatments involving vermicompost and bio-inoculants, including Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azotobacter chroococcum, and azadirachtin spray. Integrated organic treatments significantly enhanced vegetative growth, yield attributes, fruit yield, quality, and nutrient status. Treatment T4 (75% N through vermicompost + T. harzianum + azadirachtin + P. fluorescens) recorded the highest plant spread (5.10 m), girth (53.32 cm), canopy volume (67.36 m³), fruit weight (181.96 g), number of fruits per tree (409.37), and fruit yield (20.57 t ha–¹). Fruit quality improved with higher juice content (58.12%) and lower acidity (1.25%), while maximum total soluble solids (10.45 °Brix) were observed under T5 . Soil fertility and leaf nutrient composition were also significantly improved, with T4 recording the highest soil available N, P and K and corresponding increases in leaf nutrient content. The study highlights the potential of integrated organic nutrient modules for improving productivity, fruit quality, and soil health in Kinnow mandarin under semi-arid conditions.
R. K. Meena, K. Rajawat, Rashid Khan· Progressive Horticulture· 0 citations
Tomato production requires adequate nutrient availability to sustain high yield and biomass production, while efficient nutrient acquisition remains important under reduced fertilizer inputs. The integration of AMF and PGPR offers a potential biological approach to improve nutrient acquisition and plant productivity. A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2023-24 and 2024-25 at the Research Farm of the Vegetable Research Centre, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on tomato yield, dry matter production, nutrient concentration and nutrient uptake under different fertilizer levels and methods of microbial application. The experiment comprised twelve treatments arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Application of 75% RDF + AMF + Pseudomonas fluorescens + Bacillus megaterium + Trichoderma viride through soil application (T₁₂) consistently recorded the highest yield and nutrient accumulation. Pooled analysis showed that T₁₂ produced the maximum fruit yield (376.74 q ha⁻¹) and dry matter yield (46.34 q ha⁻¹). The treatment also recorded the highest N (1.97%), P (0.30%) and K (1.99%) concentrations, with corresponding N, P and K uptake of 91.43, 13.83 and 92.53 kg ha⁻¹, respectively. Compared with 100% RDF, T₁₂ increased fruit yield by 27.27%, demonstrating that the microbial consortium effectively complemented a 25% reduction in mineral fertilizer application. Soil application generally resulted in greater responses than seedling application, indicating more effective establishment and activity of the microbial inoculants in the rhizosphere. The integration of AMF and PGPR with 75% RDF can improve tomato productivity, biomass production and N, P and K accumulation while reducing mineral fertilizer input by 25% under Vertisol conditions.
Nikita D. Pardeshi, R. Khandare, M. N. Ingole et al.· Journal of Scientific Resear...· 0 citations
A field experiment entitled Effect of Organic Manures, Rhizobium and Bijamrit on Growth and Yield of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek]” was conducted at the Dr. B.R.C. Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, during Kharif 2024 on a loamy sand soil. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with twelve treatment combinations replicated three times. The treatments comprised four organic manures, viz., FYM @ 6 t ha⁻¹, vermicompost @ 2 t ha⁻¹, poultry manure @ 0.75 t ha⁻¹, and Jivamrit @ 500 L ha⁻¹ (soil application) + 10% foliar spray at 30 DAS, along with three seed treatments, viz., Bijamrit @ 200 ml kg⁻¹ seed, Rhizobium @ 25 ml kg⁻¹ seed, and Bijamrit + Rhizobium. The results revealed that nutrient management through organic sources significantly influenced the growth and yield attributes of mungbean. Application of poultry manure @ 0.75 t ha⁻¹ significantly increased plant height, dry matter accumulation, branches per plant, pods per plant, grains per pod, grain yield, stover yield, and biological yield over the other organic manures; however, it remained statistically at par with vermicompost @ 2 t ha⁻¹. Similar trends were observed for seed protein content, available soil N, P, and K at harvest, and microbial population at harvest. The highest benefit-cost ratio (4.1) was recorded with poultry manure. Among the seed treatments, the combined application of Bijamrit @ 200 ml kg⁻¹ seed and Rhizobium @ 25 ml kg⁻¹ seed recorded the highest growth and yield attributes and was found statistically at par with Rhizobium @ 25 ml kg⁻¹ seed alone. The highest benefit-cost ratio (3.4) was also recorded under the combined application of Bijamrit and Rhizobium. The study concluded that the application of poultry manure @ 0.75 t ha⁻¹ along with seed treatment of Bijamrit @ 200 ml kg⁻¹ seed + Rhizobium @ 25 ml kg⁻¹ seed significantly enhanced mungbean yield and economic returns.
Suman Karwa, R. Sutaliya, Mahendra Junjariya et al.· Journal of Eco-friendly Agri...· 0 citations
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic, chemical, and integrated management methods on growth, yield, dry-matter production, and soil physical and chemical parameters of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) -vegetable intercropping at ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (ICAR-CTCRI), Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, during 2021. The split plot design consisted of three vegetables, amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.), okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] and vegetable cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] in main plots and four management options, 100% organic, 75% organic + innovative practices, integrated and package of practices (POP) in subplots. The 75% organic + innovative practices exhibited significantly higher harvest index and tuber dry matter production at 9 MAP, tuber yield, tuber dry matter% and mean tuber bulking rate. Highest tuber equivalent yield was observed in cassava-okra intercropping system under 75% organic + innovative practices. Soil organic C, available N and available Zn were significantly higher in 100% organic practices, and exchangeable Ca in 75% organic + innovative practices. Thus, organic management imparted significant effect on soil chemical properties, which was reflected in higher yields.
Sarika Nandan, G. Suja· Current Horticulture· 0 citations
gA field experiment was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2024-25 and 2025-26 at the Student Instructional Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India to evaluate the impact of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on soil physico-chemical properties and soil fertility under Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications comprising ten nutrient management treatments involving different combinations of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and Azotobacter. Soil samples collected after harvest were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Integrated application of organic manures, biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved soil health over the control. The treatment comprising 50% RDF + PSB + 2.0 t ha-1 vermicompost + 5.0 t ha-1 FYM (T10) recorded the lowest bulk density (1.24 Mg m-3), particle density (2.34 Mg m-3), soil pH (7.47) and electrical conductivity (0.32 dS m-1), while exhibiting the highest total porosity (46.02%), water holding capacity (39.51%), cation exchange capacity (14.15 Cmol(p⁺) kg-1), organic carbon (0.451%), exchangeable calcium (3.40 Cmol(p⁺) kg-1) and magnesium (1.00 Cmol(p⁺) kg-1) in T10. However, the highest available nitrogen (198.83 kg ha-1) was recorded under 100% RDF (T2), whereas the maximum available phosphorus (24.08 kg ha-1), potassium (228.42 kg ha-1) and sulphur (9.75 kg ha-1) were observed under 75% RDF + PSB + 1.0 t ha-1 vermicompost + 2.5 t ha-1 FYM (T6). The study demonstrates that integrated nutrient management effectively enhances soil physical and chemical properties while improving nutrient availability, thereby contributing to sustainable mustard production.
Mayank Kumar, Anil Kumar Singh, Rohit Jaiswal et al.· Genetics and Molecular Resea...· 0 citations
Beneficial soil microorganisms offer a promising approach for enhancing soil fertility and nutrient availability while improving crop productivity and reducing dependence on mineral fertilisers. A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2023–24 at the Research Farm of the Vegetable Research Centre, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India, to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on tomato productivity and soil nutrient availability under Vertisol conditions. Twelve treatments comprising 75% of the recommended dose of fertilisers (RDF) in combination with individual or combined microbial inoculants, applied either as a seedling treatment or through soil application, were evaluated in a randomised block design with three replications. The treatment comprising 75% RDF + AMF + Pseudomonas fluorescens + Bacillus megaterium + Trichoderma viride applied through soil application (T₁₂) recorded the highest fruit yield (371.53 q ha⁻¹) and dry matter yield (46.09 q ha⁻¹), representing increases of 25.88 and 37.91% over 100% RDF, respectively. At 95 days after transplanting, T₁₂ also maintained the highest soil available N (204.20 kg ha⁻¹), P (24.90 kg ha⁻¹) and K (798.15 kg ha⁻¹), corresponding to increases of 23.36, 37.49 and 14.73%, respectively, over 100% RDF. The corresponding increases over the absolute control were 46.01, 82.95 and 31.74%. The combined soil-applied consortium consistently produced greater yield and soil nutrient availability than the corresponding seedling application, although the two application methods were statistically comparable for several attributes. Among individual microbial treatments, soil application of AMF was the most effective. The findings demonstrate that AMF–PGPR integration with 75% RDF can improve tomato productivity and maintain higher soil nutrient availability while reducing mineral fertiliser input by 25% under Vertisol conditions.
Nikita D. Pardeshi, R. Khandare, P. Nakhate et al.· Journal of Advances in Biolo...· 0 citations
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